Module 7 True Bugs Flashcards
true bugs general info
Order Hemiptera
- largest hemimetabola order of insects
- mostly ectoparasites
- major crop pests
homoptera
aphids, cicadas, leafhoppers
“same wing”
hold wings roof like
sap plant feeders
heteroptera
stink bugs, kissing bugs
“half wing”
hold wings flat on abdomen
some sap feeders and all blood feeders
heteroptera anatomy
forewing is half leathery, halt membranous
hindwing is completely membranous
probosics
sucking mouthpart of heteroptera (inserts this to feed)
has 3 segmented labium which encloses the stylets
kissing bugs taxonomy
family Reduviidae
subfamily Triatominae
*Triatoma infestans
triatomine anatomy
kissing bugs
long snout-like head aposomatic coloring (mainly black with red/orange spots) connexivum (contrasting pattern around abdomen) abdomen in membranous so it can expand
triatomine life history
hemimetabolous (egg - X5 nymph - adult)
life cycle last 1-2 years
nymph lacks wings and require blood meal to molt
sylvatic
behavior in which triatomine feeds on wild animals and inhabit natural hiding places
peridomestic
behavior in which triatomine feeds on domestic animals and uses their enclosure for shelter
domestic
behavior in which triatomine is dependent on humans (or pets) for blood/shelter
chagas disease
parasite: Trypanosoma cruzi
vectors: *triatoma infestans (kissing bugs), Rhodium prollixus, Panstrongylus megistus
affects mostly poor people
transmission cycle for chagas disease
parasite Trypanosoma cruzi infects feces of kissing bug which is then rubbed into wounds
also can be passed from mother to baby, thru blood transfusion, or organ transplants
acute chagas disease
begins with swelling at parasite entry point (Romana’s sign)
subcutaneous and muscular development of parasite which then enters the bloodstream
chronic chagas disease
damage to heart muscle, dizziness, chest pains, weakness, fatigue
infected person causes a social and economic burden on family
symptoms make take years to show
prevention and control of kissing bugs
improved housing, insecticides, blood/organ screening, medicines
bed bugs taxonomy
family cimicidae 3 human species: *cimex lectularius cimix hemipterus leptocimex boueti
bed bug anatomy
small, dorso-ventrally flattened
stylets/proboscis (piercing mouthparts)
wingless
bed bug life history
mating style is traumatic insemination
hemimetabolous (egg - X5 nymph - adult)
nymphs are translucent until blood meal
bed bug behavior / ecology
hide in cracks / crevices, mattresses, furniture
not related to sanitation
can live up to a year without feeding
public health importance of bed bugs
can transmit 27 human pathogens thru mechanical transmission (but not know for it)
unpleasant bite reactions
emotional trauma
