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API571 > Module 8 (High Temp 500F) > Flashcards

Module 8 (High Temp 500F) Flashcards

1
Q 
Strain Aging
affected material (2)
A
  1. old CS

2. C-1/2Mo

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2
Q

Strain Aging

occur at what temp?

A

intermediate temp

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3
Q

Strain Aging

____ is not susceptible and with ____ aluminum

A
  1. fully killed stelled
    /
    sufficient aluminum (>0.015 wt%)
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4
Q

Strain Aging

appearance?

A

most likely NOT found until fracture

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5
Q 
Strain Aging
prevention (3)
1. minimizing by \_\_\_\_ vs \_\_\_\_
2.\_\_\_\_\_\_ weld repair will eliminate effect of strain aging
3. \_\_\_\_\_when PWHT is no possible
A
  1. pressurization sequence vs temp
  2. PWHT weld repair will eliminate effect of strain aging
  3. Butter when PWHT is no possible
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6
Q

Strain Aging

inspection?

A

not used to control strain aging

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7
Q

Strain Aging

related mech?

A

blue brittle fracture

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8
Q

885F embrittlement

high____ % ____becomes embritted?

A

Cr and Ferrite

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9
Q

885F embrittlement

is a ______change

A

metallurgical

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10
Q

885F embrittlement

critical factor?

A
  1. alloy composition
  2. chrome content
  3. ferrite phase
  4. temperature
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11
Q

885F embrittlement

damage is _____,

A

cumulative

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12
Q

885F embrittlement

more exposure time is needed on _____% CR than at higher ______% Cr

A

13 % / 27%

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13
Q

885F embrittlement

occurs at _______F and what happen below and above F?

A

885F , need more time to reach max embrittle

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14
Q

885F embrittlement

effect on toughness is -____ pronounced at operating temp, but at lower temp during SD / SU

A

not

same as temper / sigma for 500F

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15
Q

885F embrittlement

duplex temp ____ for ____Time period?

A

600F / extended

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16
Q

885F embrittlement

identified by an ____in hardness

A

increase

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17
Q

885F embrittlement

most positive indicator?

A

impact testing

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18
Q

885F embrittlement

410SS reversed at what temp

A

350F

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19
Q

885F embrittlement

prevention? (2)

A
  1. avoid exposing the material at the temp range

2. use a non susceptible material

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20
Q

885F embrittlement
can be ________with HT but will embrittle ____
at what temp?

A

reversed / faster

1100F

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21
Q

885F embrittlement

inspection?

A
  1. difficult to located

2. impact or bend or sample?

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22
Q

885F embrittlement

related mech?

A

sigma phase embrittlement

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23
Q

sigma phase embrittlement

precipitation of a brittle compound of (3)

A
  1. Fe
  2. Cr
  3. Mo
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24
Q

sigma phase embrittlement

precipitation increase with (2)

A

Cr and Mo content

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25
sigma phase embrittlement | temp range?
1000-1750F
26
sigma phase embrittlement | what is immune?
cold work nickle
27
sigma phase embrittlement affect material (2) 1. ____% of FE 2. _____% Cr
1. 10-40% fe | 2. >17% Cr
28
``` sigma phase embrittlement critical factors (4) ```
1. time 2. temp 3. alloy composition 4. degree of cold work
29
sigma phase embrittlement | normally a _____time is required to form sigma
Long
30
sigma phase embrittlement sigma has formed during _____of SS, which take a period of hours can form in hot wall _____ reactor that operate at high temps
1. PWHT
31
sigma phase embrittlement allows with sigma can normally with normal operating stress but upon cooling to _____F may show lack of fracture toughness
500F (same as temper / 885 but not 500)
32
sigma phase embrittlement | appearnace?
not readily apparent
33
sigma phase embrittlement | inspection?
metallography or impact test or sample test
34
sigma phase embrittlement | reversed condition
anneal 1950F for 4 hours
35
Brittle Fracture | affected material?
CS / low alloys / 400SS
36
``` Brittle Fracture critical factor (2) ```
1. temp | 2. material of construction
37
Brittle Fracture | occurs most often? (3)
1. during s/D and S/U 2. thick walled 3. auto refrigeration
38
Brittle Fracture | appearance
straight and non branching
39
Brittle Fracture | prevention ? What metal to use? Condition? when not to hydro?
a. fully killed fine grain steel with austenite grain size finer than 6 b. control operating conditions c. not hydro at low temps
40
Brittle Fracture inspection method? aware of what?
not normally use to detect but aware of susceptible equipment can help prevent future damage
41
``` Brittle Fracture relate mech (5) ```
1. temper 2. strain age 3. 885F 4. titanium hydrding 5. sigma embrittlement
42
Creep and stress rupture | Description?
high temp , metal slowly, and continuously deform
43
Creep and stress rupture | affected material
all metals and alloys
44
Creep and stress rupture | critical factor? (3)
1. strength 2. stress 3. operating temp (metal)
45
Creep and stress rupture | increase of ____ temp/ ___% of pressure will reduce the remaining life
25F or 15% pressure
46
Creep and stress rupture affected units? (2) 1. ____ due to thermal stress 2. _____ ductility failure have occurred in _____and high stress area in_____(metal) CRU
1. DMW due to thermal stress | 2. low creep ductility failure have occurred in wed HAZ and high stress area in 1.25-.5M CRU
47
``` Creep and stress rupture function of ? (3) ```
1. load 2. temperature 3. stress
48
Creep and stress rupture | affected equipment? (3)
1. furnace 2. boiler heaters 3. hydro process reactor due to localized overheating due to h2 quench
49
Creep and stress rupture? | appearance? (2)
1. fishmouth | 2. bulging / localized
50
Creep and stress rupture? | inspection? (3)
1. hard to see 2. thermography for monitor 3. bulging or sagging
51
Ti hydriding | description
hydrogen diffusing into Ti and make it brittle
52
Ti hydriding | critical factors? (3)
1. temp 2. solution chemistry 3. alloy
53
Ti hydriding | what else can promote damage?
galvanic corrosion
54
Ti hydriding | inspection? (5)
1. metallogrpahy 2. hammer 3. bend test 4. crush test 5. ECT
55
Ti hydriding | ____material that can combust in the presence of heat and o2
TI is a reactive
56
Ti hydriding | related mech?
form of HE and could result in brittle fracture
57
Ti hydriding | affect equipment?
sour water operating >165F
58
Strain aging can also occur when welding in the vicinity of ______ in a susceptible material.
cracks and notches
59
Formation of sigma phase in austenitic stainless steels can also occur in a few hours, as evidenced by the known tendency for sigma to form if an austenitic stainless steel is subjected to a postweld heat treatment at _____
1275°F
60
Sigma phase in welds can be minimized by controlling ferrite in the range of______for Type 347 and somewhat less ferrite for Type 304.
5% to 9%
61
Brittle Fracture | best way to detect brittle fracture?
Inspection is not normally used to mitigate brittle fracture.
62
Brittle Fracture | Use material specifically designed for ___temps per ASME B&PV and what year???
low / 1987
63
Brittle Fracture | hydro test is prone to BF because of (2)
high stress and low toughness

API571 (13 decks)

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