Module 1 Flashcards
Typical Distillation curve
- Butanes (LE)
- Gasoline
- Naptha
- Kerosene
- Gas Oil
Salts are (2)
- naturally occurring in crude oil
2. water soluble
Crudes Salts (3)
- Magnesium Chloride
- Sodium Chloride
- Calcium Chloride
First step of crude oil seperation
washing in the desalter (with water)
What comes out of the desalter?
salt, mud , sand
Undermixing in the desalter result in
salt carryover downstream
What happens to the salts in the crude furnance?
Hydrolyzes (breaks apart and forms HCL)
Which crude salt hydrolyzes most / least?
MOST = magnesium Chloride Lease = Sodium Chloride
Where is naOH injected to form Sodium Chloride
downstream of the desalter
Dry CL is
not corrosive
Wet CL is
corrosive
wash water outlet monitors (3)
- ph
- iron
- chlorides
what are naturally occurring in crude oil (2)
Sulfer / N2
Adding heat converts sulfur to
H2S (corrosive/poisonous)
sulfur/n2 increases with
Molecular weight
N2 becomes an issues
- in feed produce cyanide
2. in hydrotreating N2 combines with H2 and form NH3 (ammonia) and form ammonia bisulfide with HCL
Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU) & Delayed Coker Unit (Coker) purpose?
Crack large molecules (Asphalt) into small usable molecules (gasoline/diesel)
- FCCU = catalyst
- DCU = thermally
Purpose of Hydrotreating is to remove
sulfur / N2
purpose of sour water stripper (SWS)
remove H2S
where does rich amine goes to?
Amine Unit
heavier MW = need more ___ and higher ____
Hydrogen and higher pressure
heavier MW = need more ___ and higher ____
Hydrogen and higher pressure , and more sulfer / N2
where does rich amine goes to and do what?
Amine Unit -> remove H2s
Hydrotreating Steps
- Hydrogen (H2) is combined with hydrocarbon.
- H2 combines with the Sulfur (S) in the hydrocarbon.
- H2S (a gas) is formed.
- The H2S gas and the liquid hydrocarbon are separated.
- H2S gas goes to an Amine Treater where the H2S is transferred to the amine and recovered.
