Module 8 ML-6

Question 1

What are the two phases of the cardiac cycle

Answer 1

systole and diastole

Question 2

What is diastole?

Answer 2

relaxation and ventricular filling

Question 3

What is the length of diastole

Answer 3

longer 2/3 of time 600-800msec

Question 4

What is systole

Answer 4

contraction, ventricular pressure (squeezing)

Question 5

What is the length of systole

Answer 5

short 1/3 of time 200-400msec

Question 6

What are the 4 period within the two phases

Answer 6

ventricular filling
isovolumetric contraction
ejection
Isovolumetric relaxation

Question 7

What are the two parts of ventricualr filling?

Answer 7

passive and active

Question 8

Passive filling

Answer 8

rapid and most filling occurs passively and rapidly

Question 9

Active filling

Answer 9

this is shown by the P wabe and involved the atrial kick

Question 10

Atrial kick

Answer 10

active contraction and adds 10-20% more blood to ventricle at rest

Question 11

In order for filling to occur what has to happen

Answer 11

AV valves are open and SL valves are closed

Question 12

How is EDV achieved

Answer 12

by both passive and active filling and the final voltume is 135 mL

Question 13

What is isovolumetric contraction

Answer 13

ventricles contract (on 135 ml) and tension and pressure develop

Question 14

What are the valved doing durin isovolumetric contraction

Answer 14

AV and SL valves are closed

Question 15

What causes SL valves to be closed

Answer 15

Pressure in ventricles are less than pressure in aorta

Question 16

What causes AV valves to close

Answer 16

Pressure in ventricles is greater than pressure in atria

Question 17

What sound do we get in this contraction

Answer 17

the first heart sound which is “lub”

Question 18

What valves are open for ejection

Answer 18

AV closed and SL are open due to pressure

Question 19

What causes the SL valve to be open in ejection

Answer 19

pressure in vnetricles is greater than pressure in aorta and PA

Question 20

In ejection what happens

Answer 20

we get stroke volume which is blood ejected from each ventricle at rest

Question 21

ESV

Answer 21

the volume of blood remaining in the ventricle after ejection

Question 22

True or False; SV is the same from both ventricles

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Is isovolumetruc ventricular relaxation D or S

Answer 23

diastole

Question 24

What sound do we here in isovolumetricl relaxation

Answer 24

“dub” which is the SL valve closing

Question 25

What is the volume in isovolumetric relaxation

Answer 25

held constant at 65mL

Question 26

What sound sound occurs in ISVR

Answer 26

the "dup" which is the SL valve closing

Question 27

What is the differece bewteen the phases of the left and right side

Answer 27

timing of all events are the same but the pressure is lower on the right side Systolic=25 Diastolic=10

Question 28

Sinus Rhythm

Answer 28

normal cardiac excitation - contraction sequence beginning at the SA node

Question 29

Latent pacemaker

Answer 29

lying quiet or hidden, not active potential pacemakersW

Question 30

What does the latent pacemaker include?

Answer 30

Av node and conducting cells

Question 31

Ectopic Pacemaker

Answer 31

abnormal, anys site driving ventricular excitation- contraction sequence that is not the SA node

Question 32

Tachycardia

Answer 32

HR is greater than 100 beats per minute

Question 33

Bradycardia

Answer 33

HR is less than 60 beats per minute

Question 34

Fibrillation

Answer 34

totally iorregular and chaotic AP propagation -muslce like a bag of worms -no pattern -dangerous and fatal

Question 35

Lead 1

Answer 35

avF

Question 36

Lead 2

Answer 36

avL

Question 37

Lead 3

Answer 37

avR