Module 9: Death

Question 1

happens when an individual sustains an irreversible end of all functions of the entire brain.

Answer 1

death

Question 2

manifested in the process of the gradual decline of the human body.

Answer 2

death

Question 4

4 Definitions of Death

Answer 4

1. Physiological
2. Religious or Philosophical
3. Brain Death
4. Cellular

Question 5

The person is dead when the heart has stopped beating, as when pulsation has stopped

Answer 5

Physiological Death

Question 6

Death is the separation of the soul and the body.
We know that the soul has already left the body when an individual has stopped breathing and pulsation has ceased.

Answer 6

Religious or Philosophical

Question 7

The brain is completely destroyed, and in which the cessation of function of all the other organs are imminent and inevitable

Answer 7

Brain death

Question 8

Complete disintegration and breakdown of metabolic processes of the body’s substance.
There is an irreversible loss of non-cortical activity which eliminates the capacity for consciousness.

Answer 8

Cellular

Question 9

What Causes the Decline of the Body

Answer 9

1. Gradual mutations and defects in the genes as we grow old which leads to damage and loss of tissues.
2. Product of evolution

Question 10

Believes that the spirit, being incorporeal, persists after the body’s demise. From his point of view then, the annihilation of the body does not mean that the person no longer exists because the spirit endures after death. This concept of the human person brings to us an idea that there is life after death.

Answer 10

Plato

Question 10

Imagined an underworld (Hades) where the dead are rewarded or punished for their actions in life

Answer 10

Ancient Greeks

Question 10

Believe that humanity has a destiny. Rewards in the afterlife depend on the people’s obedience to Allah.

Answer 10

Muslim

Question 10

Adheres to a belief in life after death. Confucius put so much emphasis on living a moral life. According to him, the kind of life one will have after death is dependent on how one lived his/her life. After death, one is considered as an ancestor to be worshipped.

Answer 10

Confucianism

Question 10

Referred to as non-existence which is the permanent end of a person’s consciousness upon death. Death totally extinguishes the consciousness of the person. It denies the existence of noncorporeal, immortal aspect in man, and considers death as the end of a person’s existence.

Answer 10

Eternal oblivion

Question 10

Believes that the righteous enter heaven while sinners go to hell.

Answer 10

Christianity

Question 10

Philosophical Views on Death

Answer 10

1. Heidegger
2. Ludwig Wittgenstein
3. Karl Jaspers
4. Eric Erikson

Question 10

Refers to the endless chatter that surrounds us and impelled by our desire to fit in and be accepted

Answer 10

Inauthenticity

Question 10

Our tendency is that we think and act just like the others would but in the process we lose our own ourselves, our uniqueness, our identity.

Answer 10

Heidegger

Question 11

It is not asking us to be preoccupied with the thought of death, but rather a sense of appreciation of our life we are living it. Do what you are doing. Focus on your most authentic life, especially because you shall die.

Answer 11

Heidegger

Question 12

• argues that death is outside of human experience.
• It is not an event in life, but is the end of life.
• We do not live to experience death. The individual’s death is not part of his/her experience. So the world ends at the time of death itself.

Answer 12

Ludwig Wittgenstein

Question 13

He is suggesting that an individual cannot achieve immortality. What we can hope to achieve is a certain degree of timelessness if we learn to “live in the present.”

Answer 13

Ludwig Wittgenstein

Question 14

Considers death as the most significant “boundary situation.”

Answer 14

Karl Jaspers

Question 15

A situation that has a severe impact upon a person experiencing it, and tries to escape its harmful effects but feels the impossibility of overcoming it and is thrown into a state of crisis. These are situations that we cannot change and are universal.

Answer 15

Boundary situation (grenzsituation)

Question 16

Even though we cannot change the situation that we are going to die, we have the capacity to change our perspectives and ideas to be able to live with the fact that we are destined to die. This acceptance of death will lead the person to live an authentic life without postponement or self-deception.

Answer 16

Karl Jaspers

Question 17

• Defines death as an essential element in the development of the human person.
• Man/woman undergoes a challenge of balancing his life between the ego, integrity and despair in the later stages of life.

Answer 17

Erik Erikson

Question 17

It refers to a person achieving her life’s purpose or having come to terms with her life.

Answer 17

Ego integrity

Question 18

When a person views her life as a failure.

Answer 18

Despair

Question 19

The successful maintenance of a balanced and productive life as one ages will result in wisdom which is defined by Erikson as a view of life undaunted by death.

Answer 19

Erik Erikson