MÓDULO 2 Flashcards

1
Q

GRUPOS FUNCIONALES

A

Alcoholes: hidróxido, - OH, - ol
Aldehidos: carbonilo, - CH=O, -al
Cetonas: carbonilo, - C=O - , -ona
Éteres: alcoxi,- O - , oxi (cadena corta) ano (cadena larga)
Ésteres: carboxilato, - COO -, ato (-C=O) de ilo (O-)
Aminas: Amino, NH2, NH, N, amina
Amidas: Amido, - C=O-NH2/NH, amida
Ácidos carboxilicos: Carboxilo, - COOH, Ácido oico

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2
Q

PEB (Grupos funcionales)

A

Eter<aldehido<cetona<benceno<ester<aminas<alcoholes<ácidos<amidas

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3
Q

ALCOHOLES (Estados de agregación)

A
  • C1-C11: liquidos
    -C12.. : solidos
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4
Q

ALDEHIDOS (Estados de agregación)

A

-C1: gas
-C2-C12: liquidos
-C13.. : solidos

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5
Q

CETONAS (Estados de agregación)

A

-C3-C12: liquidos
-C13… :sólidos

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6
Q

ÉTERES (Estados de agregación)

A

-C1:gas
-C3-C9: liquido
-C10.. : sólidos

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7
Q

ÉSTERES (Estados de agregación)

A

-C2-C8:liquidos

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8
Q

ÁCIDOS (Estados de agregación)

A

-C1-C9:liquidos
-C10.. : solidos

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9
Q

ALCOHOLES (Usos) 5

A

Metanol: tóxico, malos efectos, combustible explosivos
Etanol: Alcohol, antiséptico, solvente
Glicerina: humectante, jabón, medicinas
Butanol: lacas subway surfers, resinas
Etilenglicol: anticongelante

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10
Q

ÉTERES (Usos) 3

A

Etoxietano: anestésico
Eugenol: escencia de clavo
Tetrahidrocarabinol: MJ

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11
Q

ALDEHIDOS (Usos) 4

A

Metanal: conserva muestras bio
Etanal: polímeros, colorantes, espejos
Acroleina (2-propenal): controla bacterias en plantas acuaticas
Vainillina: sabor vainilla

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12
Q

CETONAS (Usos) 4

A

Propanona: acetona
Alcanfor: quita callos
Hormonas, fijador perfume

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13
Q

ÉSTERES (Usos) 2

A

Aromatizantes y saborizantes

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14
Q

ÁCIDOS (Usos) 5

A

Etanoico: papiloma
Matanoico:hormigas
Propenoico: hule
Prostaglandinas: parto
Ácido lactico: lacteos

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15
Q

AMINAS (Usos) 4

A

Proteínas desc. Olor cola
Drogas
Vitaminas
Neurotransmisores (alcaloides)

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16
Q

AMIDAS (Usos) 4

A

Etanamida:explosivos
Penicilina, cefalospinina, sulfas: antibióticos
LSD, Urea
Acetilina y fenacetina : analgésicos para fiebre