Molecular Biology 2.2

Question 1

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 1

A weak bond where the difference in protons causes oxygen to attract hydrogens electrons towards itself

Question 2

Water

Answer 2

Polar
Slightly positive and negative poles
Oxygen (8 protons)
Hydrogen (1 proton)

Question 3

Hydrophilic vs Hydrophobic

Answer 3

Hydrophilic
- polar
- attracted to water
- able to dissolve/soluble
Hydrophobic
- not polar
- don’t form H bonds
- insoluble

Question 4

4 properties of water

Answer 4

Cohesive
Adhesive
Thermal
Solvent

Question 5

Cohesive

Answer 5

Stick to itself

Question 6

Adhesive

Answer 6

Stick to other things

Question 7

Thermal

Answer 7

The speed at which molecules vibrate, faster means hotter and slower means cooler. Higher energy results in higher vibrations.

Question 8

Solvent

Answer 8

ability to dissolve things

Question 9

Specific heat

Answer 9

The energy it is required to heat 1g of a material by 1 degree celsius

Question 10

Specific heat - water

Answer 10

Water has a higher specific heat and requires more energy. It allows water to be a stable environment to marine organisms

Question 11

Why does all life on earth come from water

Answer 11

There is less temperature changes therefore easier to survive

Question 12

Latent heat of vaporization

Answer 12

Energy required for a liquid to evaporate

Question 13

Sweat

Answer 13

Body’s mechanism to cool itself, organisms use waters latent heat of vaporization as a coolant.

Question 14

Water is an effective

Answer 14

Solvent

Question 15

Transport of glucose in blood

Answer 15

Can dissolve in blood being easily transported

Question 16

Transport of salt in blood

Answer 16

Dissociates Na+ and Cl- in the blood plasma and then flows freely

Question 17

Oxygen

Answer 17

Non polar

Question 18

Fats

Answer 18

Non polar
Large
Insoluble
Instead of dissolving they are carried in lipoprotein complex
This layer allows it to dissolve and carry hydrophilic contents throughout the body

Question 19

Cholestrol

Answer 19

Small
insoluble due to large hydrophobic region
large
embedded in tails of phospholipids
Carried in lipoprotein complex

Question 20

Purpose of cohesion in water for organisms

Answer 20

Creates surface tension, allows organisms to walk on water and some organisms depend on this for habitat

Question 21

Why can’t humans survive in water?

Answer 21

Can only dissolve to an extent in water but not enough
Red blood holds hemoglobin which binds to O2 and transports in throughout the body

Question 22

How does oxygen get transported in our blood?

Answer 22

Red blood holds hemoglobin which binds to O2 and transports in throughout the body