Molecular Interactions-chp2 Flashcards
(45 cards)
biomolecules are associated with _____organisms
living
what are some examples of biomolecules?
carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleotides
conjugated proteins
glycosylated molecules in cell membranes
polymers made of repeating unit
what are examples of conjugates proteins?
lipoproteins, blood transport molecules
what are examples of glycosylated molecules in cell membranes?
glycoproteins and glycolipids
what are elcosanoids?
they are modified 20 carbon fatty acids with a complete or partial carbon at one end and two long carbon chain tails
they play a part in pain and inflammation and as regulators of physiological functions.
Ex: prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes
what are steroids?
they are lipid related molecules. their structure includes four linked carbon rings (3 rooms and a br) they are cholesterol based hormones.
what are phospholipids?
they have two fatty acids and a phosphate group. They are important compounds of animal cell membranes.
what happens when two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration reaction?
one will lose an OH and the other an H and then the O will be the connection between the two.
Its how you make disaccharides like sucrose, maltose, and lactose
what happens why a disaccharide undergoes hydrolysis?
water comes in and the disaccharide is lysed. this is used to breakdown sugar for energy.
What are the four groups of an amino acid?
carboxyl group
amino group
a Hydrogen
an R group
primary structure of amino acids
peptide chain
oligopeptide
2-9 amino acids
polypeptide
10-100 amino acids
proteins
greater than 100 amino acids
what do nucleotides consist of?
one or more phosphate groups
a 5-carbon sugar
a nitrogenous base (a carbon-nitrogen ring structure)
what are the different types of nitrogenous bases?
purines and pyrimidines?
how many rings structures do purines have?
two
how many ring structures do pyrimidines have?
one
what are the purines in our DNA/RNA?
Adenine (A)
Guanine (G)
what are the pyrimidines in DNA/RNA?
Cytosine (C)
thiamine (T)
Uracil (U)
solute
any substance that dissolves in a liquid.
solubility
the degree to which a molecule is able to dissolve in a solvent. the more easily the solute dissolves, the higher it’s solubility
Solvent
the liquid into which solutes dissolve. water is the universal solvent
solution
the combination of solutes in a solvent.
