Monera (Bacteria) Flashcards
(51 cards)
What does the cell wall do
Prevents the bacteria from bursting during osmosis
What does cytoplasm do
Contains ribosomes and storage granules - no mitochondria
What does DNA do
Contains chromosomes which give the primary traits
one chromosome
What is only sometimes present in bacteria
Capsule
Mesosomes
Plasmid
Flagellum
What is the function of the capsule
Protection
What is the function of a mesosome
used for respiration
helps during cell division
What does a plasmid do
contains genes responsible for antibiotic resistance
What is the function of the flagellum
allows movement
What are the shapes a bacteria can be
- Coccus (round)
- Bacillus (rod)
- Spirillum (spiral)
Name an example of a coccus bacteria
pneumonia
Name an example of a bacillus bacteria
tuberculosis (TB)
e.coli
Name an example of a spirillum bacteria
cholera
How do bacteria reproduce
asexual reproduction - binary fission
How often do bacteria reproduce
every 20 mins
What are mutations in bacteria
bacteria that evolve very fast
How do bacteria mutate
they evolve to be antibiotic resistant
Name a bacteria that is antibiotic resistant
MRSA
What are endospores
tough walled spores capable of surviving harsh conditions
What can endospores do that regular bacteria cannot
withstand high temp , lack of food and water and most poisons - difficult to kill
How do bacteria get nutrients
they are autotrophic and heterotrophic
What does autotrophic mean
an organism makes its own food
What are the types of autotrophic bacteria and how do they make their own food
Photosynthetic - chlorophyll on membranes
Chemosynthetic - use reactions involving ammonia, sulphur and iron compounds
What does heterotrophic mean
an organism takes in food made by other organisms
What are the types of heterotrophic bacteria and how do they get their food
Saprophytic - enzymes digest dead organic matter
Parasitic - use a live host for food , usually cause harm
