Monroe and Quincy Flashcards
Monroe takes over 1817-1825
Era of good feelings
One party rule. Debates with tariff, bank, internal improvements, sale of public land, sectionalism, and slavery.
Monroe takes over 1817-1825
Moving West
motivated to move west by economic struggle, with the embargo. Immigrants with money move west. Land exausttion in the south. Native American threat is gone so they can move west. public land act of 1800. Farmers are always looking for cheap money
Monroe takes over 1817-1825
Panic of 1819
Overspeculation of western land. Land speculators were unable to sell their land because of low demand but high price. Loans are unable to be paid back. Land speculating bubble bursts, and the national bank was giving loans to other banks, and the banks were unable to pay the national bank back on their loans. Forecloses on farmers property. Public land act of 1820, the land is 1.25 and acre, to help out the farmers. Land Speculators didn’t have as low prices.
Expansion and Slavery
Missouri Applies for statehood
Slavery in 1820 is growing. Should it be a slave state or free state? Southerners are fearful that if the gov. decides it’s free territory, it’ll set the precedent for the rest of the land. 11 free, 11 not. North has more people than the south. They want slaves to count as people to get more people in congress. Argument about moral hasn’st been developed. Tallmadge amendment said that we shouldn’t allow anymore slaves into Missouri. This didn’t pass through the senate.
Expansion and Slavery
Missouri compromise
Henry clay decides that Maine will come in as a free state and Missouri will be the slave state. Decide that the southern boarder of Missouri will decide whether what is slave state or free. It just puts off the discussion of slavery
Marshall Strengthens the Federal Gov.
Major Cases
Fletcher v Peck 1810- case that first ruled a state law unconstitutional. helped solidify the Fed. Fraudulent contracts are real contracts
McCullough v Maryland 1819- maryalnd attacks a branch of the national bank by trying to tax the bank notes. Supreme court says that you can’t tax the federal bank.
Dartmouth College V Woodward 1819- New Hamshire changes the college charter, from 1769, state of NH changes the charter, but supreme court says you can’t bind the charter’d institution.
Cohens v Virginia 1821- illegal selling of lottery tickets. Upholds the state decision, but allows them to review state decisions.
Gibbens V Ogden 1824- exclusive water trade rights. SUpreme court rules in favor of gibbens, that only the federal gov. can regulat interstate commerce. State of New York can’t give the family all the land when it involves interstate commerce.
Nationalism and Foreign Policy
Britain and Spain
Increase land holdings and safe guard them. Protect them from European influence. Treaty of 1818/Convention of 1818 is an agreement of the US, sets their foreign boarder between great lakes. Andrew Jackson gets permission to invade Florida because of native American attacks. Jackson quells the raids and captures slaves. Goes beyond this and captures Spanish forts. JQA says let him do this. Creates Adams-Onis Treaty, in promise not to aquire Texas.
Nationalism and Foreign Policy
Monroe Doctrine 1823
European monarchs aren’t allowed to influence western hemisphere, not allowed to claim their land back and destabilize their own democracies in Latin America. British navies protect western hemisphere form other influences. No new european colonies in the western hemisphers. We’ll stay out of your way, you stay out of ours. This is enforced by British navy.q
The Rise of Democracy
Election of 1824
A spirit of democracy. A guy like Thomas Jefferson was for the people, we want somebody of the people. People want Andrew Jackson. Jacksonian Democracy
The Rise of Democracy
Changes from Jeffersonian democracy to Jacksonian
Jefferson- Lower property requirements so that most men can vote. Should be rich, educated, elite men should be elected to office. Trust elite to run the gov. well. Pro farmer. For state rights
Jackson- All white men should vote. Al white men can hold political office. Elected officials should serve short terms and then go back to the people. For states rights and the farmer.
The Rise of Democracy
Causes of changes
Cheap land east of Mississippi, relatively inexpensive. Property requirements go away. Spirit of 76’, goal and vision of the nation. Panic of 1819 angered the common man, elite are causing the problems. Missouri Compromise. People didn’t understand the southern government.
The Rise of Democracy
Results of Changes
Voter turnout increases. Drift between the elite and every day farmer. See second political party, democrats. Campaigning. King Caucus is going down. there are presidential nominations and electors.
Election of 1824
One Party Election, DR
King caucus is going away, go through the states who’s going to be the nomination. There is no nomination convention, so it’s all confusing. Have four different candidates who are DR
Election of 1824
Candidate Confusion
Popular Vote is won by Andrew Jackson, but he doesn’t get majority vote for electoral votes so it doesn’t count. The vote then goes to the House of Representatives, where Henry Clay is forced to pick JQA over Jackson. He doesn’t like Jackson, so it’s almost a scandal.
John Quincy Adams 1825-1829
Right man, wrong time
Introverted, elitist. he’s experienced, his resume is good, but his personality isn’t what the DR were looking for. More federalists, out of step with what people wanted. Unwilling to look for the people, came through a corrupt scandal. Rights of the people are more popular than that of the fed. gov.
