Moo Flashcards
(19 cards)
7 causes of r sided pings
Abomasal volvulus
Abomasal displacement (right)
Cecal dilatation
Cecal volvulus
Pneumoperitoneum
Ascending colon gas
Rectal gas
6 specific functions/effects of primary contractions of the ruminant stomach
Mixing of ingesta - maceration of fibrous feeds
Stratification of rumen contents
Sorting of feed by particles - selective passage of small particles
Aborad movement - passage of ingesta through reticuloomasal orifice
Enhanced VFA absorption - fluid contact with rumen wall
Enhance contact of bacteria with feed stuffs
Four different functional causes of ruminal bloat
Esophageal obstruction: choke
Partial esophageal obstruction: compression, restriction or neuromuscular problem
Frothy gas: non-eructable
Failure to clear cardia: rumen weakness (hypocalcemia), lateral recumbency, rumen overfill, thoracic inflammation (vagal nerve damage)
8 specific observations/measurements you will make during a cowside rumen fluid analysis
color
odor
pH
MBR
consistency/viscosity
sediment/flotation
protozoal activity
chloride content
Clinical signs that characterize traumatic reticuloperitonitis
Pain/Arched back/Extended neck/Abnormal gait: anterior abdominal inflammation
Fever: peritoneal inflammation
Rumen stasis: reflex inhibition of motility due to pain/inflammation
Anorexia: inflammation and rumen stasis inhibit appetite
Scant, dry feces: reduces passage of ingesta
two factors in the pathophysiology of ruminal lactic acidosis. For each, provide a specific effect or consequence of that item.
Overconsumption of grain
Increased availability of soluble CHO —> increased fermentation rate —> increased VFA —> decreased pH —> rumen stasis —> increased population of lactate-producing bacteria —> increased lactate accumulation —> die-off of pH sensitive bacteria
Hyperosmolality of rumen contents
Increased lactate —> hyperosmolality —> increased fluid to rumen —> “sloshy” or “fluidy” rumen content —> systemic dehydration
List three different viral diseases of ruminants that characteristically produce lesions in the alimentary tract. Briefly present three characteristics that are similar between these diseases and three characteristics that are different and help distinguish between the three diseases.
Common to all three: fever, ulcerative lesions of oral tissues, lesions at mucocutaneous junction, lesions of skin/hoof junctions, depression, anorexia
BVD: mostly cattle, diarrhea leukopenia
Blue tongue: mostly sheep, seasonal, diarrhea uncommon
MCF: individual animals, panophthalmitis, swollen lymph nodes, diarrhea uncommon
9 physical signs of BVD infection in cattle
Diarrhea (+/- blood in feces)
Fever
Depression
Oral ulcers
Abortion
Infertility
Fetal deformity
Coronary band lesions
Lymphoid depletion - decreased lymph nodes
vfas
acetate (lipogenic)
propionate (glucogenic)
butyrate (ketogenic)
l sided pings
lda
rumen atony
pneumoperitoneum
bloat
esophageal obstruction
partial esophageal obstruction
frothy gas
failure to clear cardia
free gas bloat can/cannot pass tube
can
frothy bloat
stable foam traps gas bubbles, prevents eructation
legumes
cant be relieved w tube or trochar
poloxalene or veggie oil to break down
free gas bloat
decreased rumen function
lateral recumbency
decreased contractions (acidosis, hardware)
abd fermentation
overfilled rumen
cardia obstruction
sedimentation
no sed = frothy bloat or vagal indigestion
rapid sed = poor microflora activity
NMB reduction
prolonged = bacterial die ooff, indigestion or ruminal acidosis
normal pH + cl concentration rumen fluid
pH = 6-7
chloride <30 mEq/L
abomasal reflux ph and nmb
increased ph
prolonged mb reduction
