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VM745: CLINSCI I > Small Animal Dentistry > Flashcards

Small Animal Dentistry Flashcards

(97 cards)

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1
Q

Define: Homodont

A

Singular tooth shape

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2
Q

Define: Heterodont

A

Multiple tooth shapes

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3
Q

Define: Elodont

A

Open root apex
Constant growth

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4
Q

Define: Aneoldont

A

Closed root apex

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5
Q

Define: Brachydont

A

Short crown, long root

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6
Q

Define: Hypsodont

A

Long crown, short root

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7
Q

Define: Monophydont

A

One set of teeth

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8
Q

Define: Diphydont

A

Two sets of teeth

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9
Q

Identify the structures of the tooth

A
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10
Q

Label the correct directional terms

A
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11
Q

What is the deciduous canine dental formula?

A

3/3 I
1/1 C
3/3 PM
Total = 28

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12
Q

What is the permanent canine dental formula?

A

3/3 I
1/1 C
4/4 PM
2/3 M
Total = 42

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13
Q

What is the deciduous feline dental formula?

A

3/3 I
1/1 C
3/2 PM
Total = 26

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14
Q

What is the permanent feline dental formula?

A

3/3 I
1/1 C
3/2 PM
1/1 M
Total = 30

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15
Q

How many roots do the incisors have? In which direction do they permanently erupt?

A

1 root (dog and cat)
Erupt palatal/lingual to deciduous

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16
Q

How many roots do the canines have? In which direction do they permanently erupt?

A

1 root (dog and cat)
Crown 1/3 length of tooth
Erupt mesial (maxillary) or lingual (mandibular) to deciduous

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17
Q

How many roots do the premolars have? In which direction do they permanently erupt?

A

1 root (dog PM1, cat max PM2)
2 roots (dog PM2, PM3, mand PM4 - cat PM3, mand PM4)
3 roots (dog and cat PM4)
Erupt palatal/lingual to deciduous
No deciduous PM1

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18
Q

How many roots do the molars have? In which direction do they permanently erupt?

A

1 root (dog mand M3)
2 roots (dog mand M1, M2, cat mand M1)
3 roots (dog max M1, M2)
No deciduous molars

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19
Q

What are characteristics of deciduous teeth?

A

Long, spindly roots (crown 1/4 length of tooth)
Large pulp chambers/root canals
Thin dentinal walls
Increased translucency
Small pointy crown

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20
Q

What are the eruption times of deciduous and permanent teeth?

A
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21
Q

What are characteristics of a class 1 malocclusion?

A

Rotated, tipped, or displaced teeth
Jaw lengths are normal

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22
Q

What are characteristics of a class 2 malocclusion?

A

Mandibular brachygnathism
Overjet, overbite, “overshot”
Always need to be addressed

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23
Q

What are characteristics of a class 3 malocclusion?

A

Maxillary brachygnathism
Underbite, undershot
Boxers typically

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24
Q

What are characteristics of an asymmetrical malocclusion?

A

Asymmetry of one quadrant length
Wry mouth
Midlines do not line up

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25
What anatomic feature is depicted here?
Incisive papilla Normal anatomy
26
What anatomic feature is depicted here?
Incisive papilla Normal anatomy
27
What anatomic feature is depicted here?
Lingual molar salivary gland Cats only Normal anatomy
28
A = crown B = root
29
C = pulp chamber D = root canal
30
E = lamina dura F = periodontal ligament
31
G = dentin H = cementoenamel junction
32
I = alveolar crest J = root apex K = hard palate
33
A = furcation B = cementoenamel junction C = pulp horn D = pulp chamber E = alveolar ridge and interproximal bone F = root apices G = interradicular bone
34
What happens to dentin as a tooth ages?
Dentin thickens
35
What abnormality is shown?
Dilaceration Abnormal curvature of a root
36
What tooth is most likely to have supernumerary roots?
PM3
37
What abnormality is shown?
Ankylosis Tooth fused with bone and periodontal ligament doesn't exist
38
Define: Periodontal Disease
Infection and inflammation of the periodontal structures (gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, alveolar bone) that can lead to loss of periodontium
39
What are radiographic signs of periodontal disease?
1. Rounding of the alveolar margin at the cementoenamel junction 2. Loss of integrity of the lamina dura 3. Widening of the periodontal space 4. Resorption of alveolar margin
40
Horizontal bone loss
41
Vertical bone loss
42
Stage 1 Periodontal Disease
Gingivitis without evidence of alveolar bone loss
43
Stage 2 Periodontal Disease
Periodontitis with <25% alveolar bone loss and/or stage 1 furcation exposure
44
Stage 3 Periodontal Disease
Periodontitis with 25 - 50% alveolar bone loss and/or stage 2 furcation exposure
45
Stage 4 Periodontal Disease
Periodonititis with >50% alveolar bone loss and/or stage 3 furcation exposure
46
Stage 1 Furcation Exposure
Less than halfway under the crown in any direction of a multirooted tooth with attachment loss
47
Stage 2 Furcation Exposure
Greater than halfway under the crown of a multirooted tooth with attachment loss but not through and through
48
Stage 3 Furcation Exposure
Under the crown of a multirooted tooth, through and through from one side of the furcation out the other
49
Stage 2 Periodontal Disease
50
Stage 3 Periodontal Disease Stage 2 Furcation Exposure
51
Stage 4 Periodontal Disease Stage 3 Furcation Exposure
52
Stage 4 Periodontal Disease
53
Define: Endodontic Disease
Infection and inflammation of the endodontic structures (pulp, dentin pulp complex)
54
Can you always identify a dead tooth (non-vital) with a good oral exam?
No
55
What tooth is dead?
56
What tooth is dead?
57
Mucogingival fistula
58
Mucogingival fistula
59
Apical Lucency and Enlarged Root Canal Diameter
60
Apical Lucency
61
How are persistent deciduous teeth problematic?
Erupting permanent teeth Periodontal disease (crowdin, lack circumferential gingival collar)
62
How should a deciduous tooth be extracted?
Direct elevation (incisors) Direct elevation with sectioning (premolars) Mucogingival flap (canines) *Careful and slow elevation*
63
How is class 2 malocclusion treated?
Extract deciduous teeth Incline plane or crown extensions move mandibular canine teeth Vital pulp therapy to reduce height mandibular canine teeth teeth Extract mandibular canine teeth (least desirable)
64
What issues can arise with class 3 malocclusion?
Periodically causes severe local complications Malpositioned teeth causing lip trauma Pain on closing mouth due to bite block and tooth contact
65
What are the normal gingival sulcus depth in dogs and cats?
1-3mm dogs 0.5mm cats
66
What is the treatment plan for stage 1 and 2 PD?
Dental cleaning +/- closed root planing
67
What is the treatment plan for stage 2 and 3 PD?
Dental cleaning +/- closed (no flap) or open (flap) root planing Extraction (if complete furcation exposure - root dependent)
68
What is the treatment plan for stage 4 PD?
Extraction *Severe mobility, furcation exposure*
69
What stage periodontal disease is shown?
Stage 1
70
What stage periodontal disease is shown?
Stage 2
71
What stage periodontal disease is shown?
Stage 4
72
What are the 2 most common causes of gingival enlargement in dogs?
Drug-induced (**Calcium channel blockers, anticonvulsants, cyclosporine**) Neoplasia
73
When can gingival enlargement become a problem?
Obstructive to normal occlusion and/or mastication Pseudopockets = debris accumulation, inflammation and loss of periodontium Painful when severe
74
What is the treatment for gingival enlargement?
Reduce gingival height, address inciting cause
75
Identify the types of tooth fractures
76
Identify the types of tooth fractures
77
Define: Attrition
Tooth on tooth wear Normal mastication Malocclusion
78
What is the cause of the endodontic disease?
Attrition
79
Define: Abrasion
Bones, balls, and bars causing tooth wear (external materials)
80
What is the cause of the endodontic disease?
Abrasion
81
What is the importance of deciduous tooth fractures?
Painful Acute abscess Developing permanent tooth bud Systemic disease (tetanus)
82
What is the cause of this endodontic disease?
Deciduous tooth fracture
83
What is the cause of this endodontic disease?
Deciduous tooth fracture
84
What causes carious lesions?
Enamel defects, bacterial infiltration, pulp penetration
85
What causes pulpitis? How is this treated?
Trauma Needs radiographic monitoring or treat as non-vital
86
What teeth most commonly cause suborbital swellings?
Distal root PM3 PM4 M1
87
What is a mucogingival fistula highly indicative of?
Endodontic disease
88
What is being shown in this image?
Mucogingival fistula
89
What are the treatment options for a fractured tooth in a dog <18m old?
Extraction Root canal therapy (weak tooth) Vital pulp therapy (1 wk post-fracture)
90
What are the treatment options for a fractured tooth in a dog >18 old?
Extraction Root canal therapy (brittle but strong tooth) Vital pulp therapy (48h post-fracture)
91
How does the regional response of periodontal disease differ in cats as compared to dogs?
Exaggerated regional inflammatory response Alveolar bone expansion Supereruption Tooth resorption Kissing lesions
92
What abnormality is shown in this image?
Alveolar bone expansion and supereruption
93
What is the site predilection for feline odontoclastic tooth resorption?
Mandibular PM3 Mandibular M1 All Canines
94
What is the treatment option for tooth resorption?
Complete extraction (periodontal lig intact, roots visible, alveolar bone reaction) Crown amputation (difficult to distinguish crown from bone) - **never in a gingivostomatitis cat**
95
Type 1 Tooth Resorption
Focal lesion, normal PDL, radiopacity *Fully extract*
96
Type 2 Tooth Resorption
Focal or generalized, loss of PDL, decreased radiodensity *Fully extract or crown amputation*
97
Type 3 Tooth Resoprtion
Combination, depends on the roots *Partial full extraction +/- partial crown amputation*

VM745: CLINSCI I (13 decks)

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