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7. Child and adolescent psychiatry > Mood and psychotic disorders > Flashcards

Mood and psychotic disorders Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Prevalence of depression pre puberty

A

1%

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2
Q

Prevalence of depression post puberty

A

3%

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3
Q

Sex pattern of depression in children and adolescents

A

Male and female equally affected pre puberty
More common in females after puberty

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4
Q

Percentage of young people with depression who remain depressed after 12 months

A

50%

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5
Q

Clinical features of depression in young children

A

Poor feeding
Failure to thrive
Tantrums
Separation anxiety
Regressed behaviours

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6
Q

Clinical features of depression in older children

A

Somatisation e.g. headache, stomach ache
School refusal
Poor school achievement
Sleep issues
Antisocial behaviour

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7
Q

Percentage of young people with depression who also have anxiety

A

50-80%

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8
Q

Percentage of young people with depression who also have conduct disorder

A

25%

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9
Q

Percentage of young people with depression who also have OCD

A

15%

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10
Q

Percentage of young people with depression who also have an eating disorder

A

5%

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11
Q

Treatment options for mild depression in young people

A

Watchful waiting
After 4 weeks - supportive therapy, self help, or group CBT

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12
Q

Treatment options for moderate to severe depression in young people

A

CAMHS review
3 months of individual CBT, IPT or family therapy
Pharmacology once psychotherapy considered/tried

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13
Q

First line antidepressant for young people

A

Fluoxetine

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14
Q

Second line antidepressants for young people

A

Sertraline
Citalopram

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15
Q

SSRI most likely to cause increased suicidal behaviour in young people

A

Paroxetine

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16
Q

Results of Treatment of Adolescents with Depression Study

A

CBT not superior to placebo
Fluoxetine superior to placebo
CBT and fluoxetine combination superior to placebo and had fastest effect
CBT and fluoxetine combination best at preventing relapse

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17
Q

Three leading causes of death in adolescents

A

Accidents
Homicides
Suicides

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18
Q

Percentage of adolescent deaths due to suicide

A

12%

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19
Q

Percentage of adolescent boys with suicidal ideation

A

14%

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20
Q

Percentage of adolescent girls with suicidal ideation

A

25%

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21
Q

Sex patterns of suicide in teenagers

A

Suicide attempts more common in females
Completed suicides more common in males

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22
Q

Most common method by teenage boys with completed suicide

A

Hanging

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23
Q

Most common methods by teenage girls with completed suicide

A

OD
Jumping from heights

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24
Q

Percentage of adolescents who attempt suicide that repeat within a year

A

10%

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25
Prevalence of bipolar affective disorder in adolescents
1%
26
Percentage of adults with bipolar affective disorder who had their first symptoms aged <20
60%
27
Most common comorbidity with adolescent bipolar affective disorder
ADHD
28
Percentage of adolescents who have an episode of major depression who go on to have a manic episode by adulthood
20%
29
Features which increase the likelihood of a subsequent manic episode in adolescents with depression
Rapid onset Psychomotor symptoms Psychotic features Family history of mania/other mood disorder Mania/hypomania following treatment with antidepressants
30
Percentage of teenagers with bipolar affective disorder who complete suicide
10%
31
Age at which childhood onset schizophrenia develops by
12
32
Age at which early onset schizophrenia develops by
18
33
Age at which very early onset schizophrenia develops by
13
34
Prevalence of schizophrenia among adolescents
1-2 per 1000
35
Male:female ratio of very early onset schizophrenia
2:1
36
Premorbid features associated with early onset schizophrenia
Language delays Delays in reading Delays in bladder control Delays in social functioning
37
Prognosis of early onset schizophrenia compared to adult onset
Worse prognosis in early onset schizophrenia
38
Risk of EPSEs in children/adolescents compared to adults
Higher risk overall Higher risk of acute dystonia Lower risk of akathisia
39
First line treatment for early onset schizophrenia
Oral, atypical antipsychotic
40
Common clinical features of children presenting with a manic episode
Atypical or mixed features Irritability Labile mood Behavioural problems Periods of depression
41
Sex predominance of bipolar affective disorder in children and young people
Male>female in children Male = female in adolescents
42
Typical first mood disorder seen in bipolar affective disorder in young people
Depression
43
First line treatment for mania in young people
Second generation antipsychotic
44
Prevalence of adolescent suicidal ideation in the past year in the UK
15%
45
Most common psychiatric emergency seen in children and adolescents
Suicidal behaviour
46
Overall prevalence of psychiatric problems in adolescence
16-20%
47
Most common mental health problems in adolescents
Depression Anxiety
48
Most common comorbidity in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder
ADHD
49
Percentage of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder who also have ADHD
53%
50
Percentage of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder who also have ODD
43%
51
Percentage of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder who also have conduct disorder
27%
52
Most common positive symptom among young people with schizophrenia
Delusions
53
Percentage of adolescents who experience an episode of depression by the age of 19
20%
54
Percentage of 15-16 year olds who admit to deliberate self harm
6.9%
55
Treatment options for manic episodes in adolescents
Aripiprazole Consider the adult recommendations
56
Age at which fluoxetine may be considered for depression in young people
12
57
Starting dose of fluoxetine to treat depression in children and young people
10mg daily
58
Usual maximum dose of fluoxetine to treat depression in children and young people
20mg daily
59
Antidepressants which should not be used to treat depression in children and young people
Paroxetine Venlafaxine TCAs St John's wort
60
Proportion of children aged 5-19 with a mental disorder
1 in 8
61
Three most common types of mental disorder among children aged 5-19
Emotional e.g. anxiety, depression Behavioural e.g. conduct disorder Hyperactivity
62
Type of mental disorder which has become more common in children over the last 15-20 years
Emotional
63
Percentage of girls aged 17-19 with a mental disorder
23.9%
64
Proportion of preschool children with a mental disorder
1 in 18
65
Proportion of primary school aged children with a mental disorder
1 in 10
66
Proportion of secondary school aged children/young people with a mental disorder
1 in 7
67
Proportion of people aged 17-19 with a mental disorder
1 in 6
68
Most common type of mental disorder among young people aged 11-19
Emotional disorders
69
Most common type of mental disorder among children aged 5-10
Behavioural disorders
70
Prevalence of schizophrenia in children aged <15
1 in 2000
71
Type of psychosis which has the worse prognosis when it begins in childhood
Schizophrenia
72
Advice on admission for children who self harm
All children who self harm should be admitted to a paediatric ward for an overnight stay

7. Child and adolescent psychiatry (9 decks)

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