mood disorders1

Question 1

key features of atypical depression (as opposed to melancholic)

Answer 1

weight gain. Intact mood reactivity. Leaden paralysis. Rejection sensitivity.

Question 2

what is the mixed features specifier?

Answer 2

three subthreshold symptoms from opposing pole are present during a full mood episode. Applies to depressive, manic, hypomanic

Question 3

tx for Depressive mixed states

Answer 3

uncertain but antidepressants may aggravate

Question 4

Major depressive disorder vs persistent depressive (dysthymic) disorder

Answer 4

Major depressive episode (at least 2 wks) vs never w/o symptoms for >2months for 2 yrs.

Question 5

Bipolar 1 vs 2 vs cyclothymmia

Answer 5

hx of manic episode. Hx of hypomanic w/ no manic episodes. Recurrent mild depression (not full major depressive episodes) and hypomanias

Question 6

what is kindling

Answer 6

risk of recurrence becomes greater with each episode

Question 7

in what mood do most ppl with bipolar disorder spend most of their time

Answer 7

depression

Question 8

biomarkers of recurrent MDD

Answer 8

decreased immune fxn. HPT axis dysregulation (possible hypothyroidism). Volume reduction in basal ganglia, hippocampus, frontal cortex (esp left prefrontal). HPA axis problems (hypercortisolemia)

Question 9

manic episode: how long and how to diagnose

Answer 9

1 wk. Hospitalization or 3 of following: Distractibility, Irresponsibility, Grandiosity, Flight of ideas, increase in goal-directed Activity/Agitation, decreased Sleep, Talkativeness (DIG FAST)

Question 10

Major depressive disorder: characteristics

Answer 10

at least 5 of following for 2 wks: Sleep disturbance, loss of Interest, Guilt or worthlessness, loss of Energy, loss of Concentration, Appetite/weight changes, Psychomotor retardation or agitation, Suicidal ideations (SIG E CAPS)