moral development

Question 1

Piaget moral reasoning
- what odes he say
- 2 stages
- evaluate

Answer 1

young children prefer outcome over intention. older prefer intention. change caused by acceptance of moral rules
1. heteronomous morality; at pre operational stage. rigid acceptance of rules
2. autonomous reality; rules based on social interactions
- underestimates kids ability appreciate intention

Question 2

Kohlberg moral reasoning
- what is it
- 3 stage
- heinz
- evaluate

Answer 2

answers why people make moral decision
dev is discontinuous and heirchal
1. pre conventional; rewards and punishments
2. conventional; complying with social duties and people
3. post conventional; ideals and moral principles e.g Heinz dilemma
- cultural and gender differences
- based on western ideals

Question 3

the impact of socialisation
- men v women
- social domain theory 3 stage
- evaluate

Answer 3

men value justice
women value caring
sdt
1. moral domain; right or wrong
2. societal domain; social rules e.g dress code
3. personal domain; individual preference no wrong or right e.g fav food

+ cultural relevance
- ignores emotions shaping morals

Question 4

culture impact
- example

Answer 4

culture can influence social judgeent
+ indian morality increase between 3 and 8. us stayed same throughout

Question 5

what are helping behaviours
- prosocial; motivated by what (3)
- non altruism (3)

Answer 5

protocol behaviour benefit others. motivated by
1. altruism; concern for others
2. empathy; emotional reaction. match the state
3. sympathy; concern for others
non altruism motivated by
1. reciprocity; 3 year olds more prosocial to those who have been to them. e.g steal less and share moe when watched
2.reputation; manipulation in attempt to look more generous in front of potential reciprocators e.g share more donation when public
3. rewards; help more when material reward rather than altruism

+ increase with age; understand perspectives

Question 6

sharing
- what age and how much
- example
- culture?

Answer 6

emerges at 18-24 months. happens less than helping as more challenging
- preschoolers said they share equal at 3-4. in reality its 7-8
- in all culture, sharing increases with age when its not costly. decrease middle childhood when costly

Question 7

what causes prosocial behaviour (3)

Answer 7

1. genetics; mz more prosocial than dz. specific genes eg dopamine linked, associated with empathy and helping
2. temperament; innate traits e.g emotional reactivity. more empathy= more prosocial
3. socialisation; children learn through envioment e.g parenting , collect v Indi cultures

Question 8

what the nativist view on core morality
- age
- what is it
- derive from what

Answer 8

innate, young children (3-6m) display prefe3rnce to good behaviour. derives from evolution; promote cooperation and social cohesion. increases survival and reproductive success