Moray et al

Question 1

Whatg is the dichotic listening task?

Answer 1

When two different auditory stimuli are presented into each ear through headphones.

Question 2

Aim

Answer 2

To see if people shadowing one task could recall anything from the rejected task in the other ear.

Question 3

What is meant by shadowing in terms of a dichotic listening task?

Answer 3

When you’re listening to two different stimuli, you shadow one of the stimuli by tuning into it and listening to it.

Question 4

Outline the sample of the 3 experiments in Moray’s study.

Answer 4

• Did not provide sample size for experiment 1
• 12 participants in experiment 2
• 2 groups of 14 participants in experiment 3 (28)

Question 5

What was the loudness of each message in the participants ears and what was the speech rate?

Answer 5

Approximately 60db above the participant’s hearing threshold and the speech rate was about 150 words per minute.

Question 6

What was the procedure for experiment 1?

Answer 6

• Short list of words spoken 35 times as rejected message
• At the end of shadowing, participant asked to recall anything from the rejected message
• 30 seconds later participants given recognition test of 21 words - 7 from shadowed passage, 7 from rejected and 7 random

Question 7

What are the conclusions of experiment 1?

Answer 7

When someone directs their attention to one thing, almost none of the ‘rejected’ message can be recalled.

Question 8

What was the procedure for experiment 2?

Answer 8

• 2 passages of light fiction in each ear - instructions at start to listen to right ear and make no mistakes
• Participants name mentioned 3 times out of 10 passages - 36 affective cues (12 participants x 3)
• Counted number of times participants heard the instructions

Question 9

What were the findings from experiment 2?

Answer 9

• When name was mentioned, participants heard instructions 20/39 times
• When name was not mentioned, participants heard instructions 4/36 times

Question 10

What are the conclusions of experiment 2?

Answer 10

That participants are more likely to hear something if something of relevance is said such as a name - breaks through ‘the block’

Question 11

What was the procedure for experiment 3?

Answer 11

• Numbers put into the message towards the end -sometimes numbers were in both messages, sometimes in shadowed, sometimes in rejected
• IV was the group - 1 group told at start they would be asked about shadowed message, 1 group told to remember as many numbers heard as possible

Question 12

What were the findings from experiment 3?

Answer 12

• Showed no significant difference between groups

- Concluded that this was because numbers are not important enough to break through the ‘block’, unlike a name