More general science stuff/Multiple Choice (mistakes) Flashcards Preview

Biology Revision (Year 12) > More general science stuff/Multiple Choice (mistakes) > Flashcards

Flashcards in More general science stuff/Multiple Choice (mistakes) Deck (20)
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1
Q

How are new alleles formed?

A

By mutation in the DNA of a gene

2
Q

What term is now used to describe Mendel’s factors (the physical traits in his pea plants)?

A

Genes

3
Q

What processes result in the genetic variation of offspring?

A

DNA mutation and gamete formation

4
Q

The gamete plays an important role in sexual reproduction because it carries

A

half the genetic information of the parent

5
Q

List pathogens in order of increasing size

A

prion, virus, bacteria, protozoan, macroparasite

6
Q

why is the replication of DNA important?

A

it maintains genetic information

7
Q

What would the acidity of the blood in capillaries at the lungs be?

A

less acidic.

8
Q

What is the role of antigens in the body’s defence against disease?

A

they trigger the immune response

9
Q

the gamete plays an important role in sexual reproduction because it carries

A

half the genetic info of the parent

10
Q

What happens to the concentrations of glucose, urea and protein as fluid moves from the primary convoluted tubule (PCT) to the collecting duct?

A

glucose concentrations decrease
protein concentrations are unchanged
Urea concentrations increase

11
Q

What feature of prions distinguishes them from all other types of pathogens?

A

they don’t contain nucleic acids

whilst they aren’t cells, this doesn’t distinguish them from viruses

12
Q

what observation helped develop a model for the transmission of malaria?

A

after swamps were drained there was a major decline in the numbers of individauls catching malaria

13
Q

Justify your use of equipment/resources to perform an investigation to draw a longitudinal section of xylem tissue

A

You would need a cutting board and scalpel to cut the stem material of a plant eg celery which has been soaked for an hour in red food colouring to provide contrast in the vascular tissue. Glass slides and cover slips are required for mounting the thin slices of specimen which were viewed under a microscope to magnify the cells. This enables us to then sketch a diagram by looking at this magnification

14
Q

If an article was a blog post, published by a ‘Science News’ website how reliable would it be?

A

Whilst it comes from a ‘science’ website, it has come from essentially an ‘unknown’ origin. As no sources are given, nor the name of the author, their qualifications and authority on the subject which would be required to validate the information, it is unreliable.,

15
Q

An extremely high concentration of carbon dioxide is undesirable in active muscle tissue

A

because it will

16
Q

what describes what happens to the muscles and the arteriole walls in the skin when the core body temperature is below normal?

A
  • muscles of skin contract, raising epidermal hairs,

- arteriole walls in skin contract (vasoconstriction, to reduce heat lost)

17
Q

what did mendel cross in his first generation?

A

pure bred plants that were homozygous:

TTxtt

18
Q

can helper T cells activate macrophages?

A

Yes, either directly stimulating it or by releasing cytokines

19
Q

Aim: To determine the optimum pH of four different enzymes.

How many independent variables were in this first-hand investigation?

A

pH is depednetn variable. Optimum pH for foru different enzymes is being tested, so there are 4 independent variables

20
Q

Strict hygiene practices are followed in the care of newborns, whereas hygiene practices in the care of older babies are less emphasised.
why?

A

Procaryotic cells are not identified as antigens in early development.