more midterm

Question 1

how much rotation in the upper cervical?

how much in the lower cervical?

Answer 1

40-45

40-45

Question 2

how much flexion in upper c spine?

how much flexion in lower c spine?

Answer 2

20-25

35

Question 3

How much extension in upper c spine?

lower?

Answer 3

20-25

45

Question 4

how much lateral bending in upper c spine?

how much in lower c spine?

Answer 4

5-10

20-45

Question 5

The majority of flexion/ext in the c spine is where?

Answer 5

C2-C7

note: also not a lot of lateral bending occurs at upper c spine

Question 6

Thoracic rule of 3s

Answer 6

T1-T3 - TP and SP same level

T4-T6 SP half a level lower

T7-T9 SP a level below TP

T10-T12 - same

Question 7

How are motions coupled at the thoracic?

Answer 7

Upper thoracic - ipsilateral

Lower thoracic - contralateral

Question 8

If someone has an infrasternal angle under 90

their diaphragm is _________

seen more common in ________ posture

cant move the ____ handle ribs as well

Answer 8

overly descended

flat back posture

pump handle

Question 9

If someone has an infrasternal angle over 100…

typically has ________ posture

can’t use ________ handle ribs properly, likely a _____ breather

Answer 9

lordosis/kyphosis

bucket handle

belly breather

Question 10

What kind of postures is associated with scapular winging

Answer 10

sway back

Question 11

What is the most common kind of TOS?

Answer 11

Neurological

Question 12

Where can TOS occur (3 places)

Answer 12

interscalene triangle

costoclavicular space

subcoracoid space

Question 13

Surgical candidates for TOS:

Answer 13

Failed conservative managment (4-6 months)

Neuro-TOS patients with uncontrolled pain

all arterial and venous TOS patients

Question 14

What are the different causes of TOS?

Answer 14

Trauma

Repetitive motions

Anatomical variations (example: first rib)

Malignancy (example: pancoast tumors)

Question 15

If the subcostal margin does not expand with arms raised overhead, what could be tight?

Answer 15

external oblique

Question 16

how to stretch upper trap?

Answer 16

Stabilize shoulder

slight flexion

contra side bend

Question 17

how to stretch anterior/middle scalene?

Answer 17

rstabilize shoulder

slight ext

contralateral sidebend

ipsilateral rotation

Question 18

treatment of the uncovertebral joints at C3-T1 requires __________-

Answer 18

manipulation/gapping mobilization

Question 19

The spine of the scapula rests at what vert level?

Answer 19

T3

Question 20

The scapula should rest approximately _________ from the thoracic vertebrae

Answer 20

5cm or 3 finger widths

Question 21

What how much motion happens at AC joint w/ arm elevation?

what about the SC joint/

Answer 21

35 AC post rotation

25 SC elevation

Question 22

The humerus needs to _____________ to clear the greater tuberosity

Answer 22

externally rotate 35-45 degrees

Question 23

The force of the deltoid pulls the humerus _______-

Answer 23

upward and outward

Question 24

which muscle provides a direct compressing force into the glenoid?

Answer 24

supraspinatus

Question 25

what nerve levels innervate the serratus anterior

Answer 25

long thoracic nerve C5 C6 C7

Question 26

What are the primary 2 muscles that do upwards rotation of the scap

Answer 26

mostly the lower trap and serratus anterior to a lesser extent upper trap

Question 27

An infrasternal angle under 90 is often seen with what posture

Answer 27

flat back posture

Question 28

T or F: Increased kyphosis can lead to an increase in force on verterbal body and disc

Answer 28

true

Question 30

Infrasternal angle under 90 is more likely to have what posture? Over 100?

Answer 30

Flat back Lordosis/kyphosis

Question 31

T or F: you can see scapular winging at rest

Answer 31

F, scapular winging is an active thing

Question 32

What are the facet joint angles cervical: Thoracic: Lumbar:

Answer 32

45 60 90

Question 33

How much scapular motion occurs in the first 20-30 degrees of elevation

Answer 33

None

Question 34

What exercises work on posterior tipping of the scapula, what muscles do this?

Answer 34

I T W Y Lower trap