More questions Flashcards
What natural anticoagulant is required for heparin to work?
antithrombin
Why do we need to bridge coumadin?
coumadin will decrease protein C and S so it will cause an acute hypercoagulable state
What is the formula to calculate ANC?
ANC = [ (% neutrophils + % band) x WBC]/ 100
Elevated LDH, indirect bilirubin, and haptoglobin, combined with anemia is consistent with what?
hemolytic anemia
Thalassemia is a _________ problem, while sickle cell is a _________ problem
- thalassemia = quantitative
- sickle cell = qualitative
What is the treatment for hereditary spherocytosis?
remove spleen
What is the treatment for warm hemolytic anemia (IgG+)?
steroids immunesuppression
What is the diagnostic test for G6PD deficiency?
G6PD enzyme level
If a patient is receiving a transfusion and develops hives ONLY what do you do?
antihistamines and keep going
What is the difference in terms of pathophysiology between ITP and TTP?
- ITP = auto-antibody against platelets
- TTP = deficiency in Adams TS13 which cleaves vWF
What is the treatment for TTP?
plasma exchange to give back Adams TS13
How do you diagnose TTP?
check Adams TS13 level
HUS is typically d/t to what?
E. coli infection
How can you use labs to differentiate between HUS and TTP?
TTP will have low Adams TS13 but normal in HUS
What is HELLP associated with?
pre-eclampsia in pregnancy
How is HELLP treated?
deliver the baby
What are the 5 MAHAs discussed in class?
- ITP
- TTP
- HUS
- HELLP
- DIC
How can you differentiate DIC from the rest of the MAHAs?
- look at coags they will be prolonged!
What are the 2 main consequences of renal disease?
- EPO deficiency causing anemia
- qualitative platelet defect
What is the treatment for hereditary hemochromatosis?
phlebotomy
How do you a qualitative platelet abnormality secondary to uremia?
- DDAVP to increase factor 8 and vWF
There is no risk of spontaneous bleeding until platelet count is how low?
<10-20,000
Before initiating workup of new onset thrombocytopenia you must rule out _________________ .
pseudothrombocytopenia
How is immune thrombocytopenia diagnosed?
diagnoses of exclusion
BUT on PBS can see large platelets
