Mori and Arai and related studies Flashcards
Mori and Arai aim?
the study aimed to replicate Asch’s study without the use of confederates to ensure that nobody was acting unnaturally.
sample of mori and arai
104 japanese females and males
what was the method of mori and arai?
the researchers replicated Asch’s length of lines but with no confederates instead everyone was given a pair of filter glasses that allowed them to look at the same image but see different things. everyone but one participant got the same pair of glasses. the true participant would see a different correct answer from the rest. the participant would always go third
what were the findings of Mori and Arai
female participants were found to have similar results to those in Asch whereas male participants didn’t conform to the majority view. they also found that wether or not the majority were unanimous or not made no difference.
weaknesses of Mori and Arai
the participants all knew each other and this could have affected the results but this was also seen as a strength
the roles between males and females couldve changed over time
the roles of males and females are different in cultures (asch in america and mori and arai in japan)
strengths of mori and arai
more ethical as there wasnt any confederates
used both males and females meaning that its easier to generalise
aim and sample of Asch?
aim; to find out wether or not people would conform to others incorrect estimates
sample: he recruited 50 male american participants
method of asch
the participants were told Asch was going to be about perception and were placed into a group with 7 others who were confederates. the group were shown 18 cards and asked to match the line to a choice of three lines each time. the confederates always gave the same wrong answer for 12/18 of the cards. the participant answered last or second last in all these tests. this meant that they had to choose to go with their own thoughts or conform
findings of Asch
over all the critical trials 32% were incorrect. 75% of participants conformed at least once and 25% did at least once.
how did participants act while giving the correct answer?
the participants who didn’t conform would act embarrassed when giving their answer
evaluation of Asch
may have been culture of 1950s that influenced if they conformed or not
can not be generalised to females or other cultures or ages
lacked ecological validity,
lacked realism as to how we would conform in real life
unethical as used deception
who found that there was much lower level of conformity using the same experiment as Asch but using British students and what does this tell us?
spencer - suggests that the finding depends on how someone views the social situation and the cultural norms they grew up with
what is minority influence?
Moscovi believed that in the real world that majority influence doesnt have a long term impact but minorties do. An example of this is feminism. minority influence is when a minority change the behaviour of a majority group
what was Moscovi?
he planted two confederates in a group of six that had to name colours of a set of slides and the confederates were told to call certain slides green when they were blue. true participants had signs of being influenced as 8.42% conformed with the minority
what conclusions can be drawn about Mori and Arai/
women from japan are more likely to conform than men which may be due to cultural differences and expectations of women in japanese culture
conformity happens because we want to be liked
conformity happens because we think others know better than us
conformity happens within people we know probably because the cost of being banished from the group is higher
