Morley Ch 4, 5, and 8 MC

Question 1

Computer crime is sometimes referred to as ____.

Answer 1

cybercrime

Question 2

____ occurs whenever an individual gains access to a computer, network, file, or other resource without permission.

Answer 2

unoauthorized access

Question 3

____ refers to the act of breaking into a computer or network.

Answer 3

hacking

Question 4

____ are sets of tools that allow hackers to access a system.

Answer 4

Rootkits

Question 5

Advocates of ____ state that, unless individuals or businesses protect their access points, they are welcoming others to use them.

Answer 5

war driving

Question 6

The term ____ refers to accessing someone else’s unsecured Wi-Fi network from the hacker’s current location (such as inside his or her home, outside a Wi-Fi hotspot location, or near a local business).

Answer 6

Wi-Fi piggybacking

Question 7

____, the most commonly used type of possessed knowledge, are secret words or character combinations associated with an individual.

Answer 7

Passwords

Question 8

____ access systems use physical objects for identification purposes and they are frequently used to control access to facilities and computer systems.

Answer 8

Possessed Object

Question 9

Increasingly, USB security keys, also called USB security ____—USB flash drives that are inserted into a computer to grant access to a network, to supply Web site usernames and passwords, or to provide other security features—are being used.

Answer 9

tokens

Question 10

____ identify users by a particular unique biological characteristic.

Answer 10

Biometric access systems

Question 11

A ____ is a security system that essentially creates a wall between a computer or network and the Internet in order to protect against unauthorized access.

Answer 11

firewall

Question 12

____ uses a single secret key to both encrypt and decrypt the file or message.

Answer 12

Private key encryption

Question 13

Some Web-based encrypted e-mail systems—such as the popular free ____ service—require both the sender and recipient to have accounts through that system.

Answer 13

Hushmail

Question 14

A ____ provides a secure private tunnel from the user’s computer through the Internet to another destination and is most often used to provide remote employees with secure access to a company

Answer 14

Virtual private network

Question 15

____ are acts of malicious destruction to a computer or computer resource.

Answer 15

Computer sabatoge

Question 16

A computer that is controlled by a hacker or other computer criminal is referred to as a ____.

Answer 16

bot

Question 17

____ is a generic term that refers to any type of malicious software.

Answer 17

Malware

Question 18

A computer ____ is a software program that is installed without the permission or knowledge of the computer user, that is designed to alter the way a computer operates, and that can replicate itself to infect any new media it has access to.

Answer 18

virus

Question 19

Like a computer virus, a ____ is a malicious program designed to cause damage.

Answer 19

computer worm

Question 20

A ____ is a malicious program that masquerades as something else—usually as some type of application program.

Answer 20

trojan horse

Question 21

A computer ____ spreads by creating copies of its code and sending those copies to other computers via a network.

Answer 21

computer worm

Question 22

One emerging type of Trojan horse is called a ____-Access Trojan.

Answer 22

Remote

Question 23

A booming area of computer crime involves online fraud, theft, scams, and related activities collectively referred to as ____.

Answer 23

dot cons

Question 24

____ occurs when someone obtains enough information about a person to be able to masquerade as that person for a variety of activities—usually to buy products or services in that person’s name.

Answer 24

Identity theft

Question 25

Antivirus programs are usually set up to automatically download new ____ from their associated Web site on a regular basis.

Answer 25

virus definitions

Question 26

____ can be extremely distressing for victims, can take years to straighten out, and can be very expensive.

Answer 26

Identity theft

Question 27

Phishing schemes may use a technique called ____, which is setting up spoofed Web sites with addresses slightly different from legitimate sites.

Answer 27

typosquatting

Question 28

____ is a type of scam that uses spoofed domain names to obtain personal information for use in fraudulent activities.

Answer 28

Pharming

Question 29

The best protection against many dot cons is ____.

Answer 29

common sense

Question 30

Repeated threats or other harassment carried out online between adults is referred to as ____.

Answer 30

cyberstalking

Question 31

Our networked society has raised a number of ____ concerns.

Answer 31

privacy

Question 32

Hardware loss, as well as other security issues, can result from hardware damage (both intentional and accidental) and ____.

Answer 32

system failure

Question 33

Although many of us may prefer not to think about it, ____—the complete malfunction of a computer system—and other types of computer-related disasters do happen.

Answer 33

system failure

Question 34

To facilitate using a computer lock, nearly all computers today come with a ____—a small opening built into the system unit case designed for computer locks.

Answer 34

security slot

Question 35

____ can be used to secure portable computers, external hard drives, and other portable pieces of hardware to a table or other object.

Answer 35

Cable locks

Question 36

____ systems encrypt everything stored on the drive (the operating system, application programs, data, temporary files, and so forth) automatically without any user interaction.

Answer 36

FDE

Question 37

Some software tools are not designed to prevent hardware from being stolen; instead, they are designed to aid in its ____.

Answer 37

recovery

Question 38

____ devices are designed to withstand much more physical abuse than conventional devices.

Answer 38

ruggedized

Question 39

Laptop ____ protect portable computers from scratches and other damage when they are carried in a conventional briefcase or bag.

Answer 39

sleeves

Question 40

____ devices typically have a durable case and are spill-resistant, but may not withstand falls from three feet or more onto concrete.

Answer 40

Semirugged

Question 41

____ are small programs that take care of software-specific problems, or bugs, such as security holes.

Answer 41

patches

Question 42

Creating a ____ means making a duplicate copy of important files so that when a problem occurs, you can restore those files using the copy.

Answer 42

backup

Question 43

To supplement backup procedures, businesses and other organizations should have a(n) ____.

Answer 43

disaster recovery plan

Question 44

A(n) ____ is an alternate location equipped with the computers, cabling, desks, and other equipment necessary to keep a business’s operations going.

Answer 44

hot site

Question 45

To prevent the counterfeiting of U.S. currency, the Treasury Department releases new currency designs every ____.

Answer 45

7-10 years

Question 46

The term ____ refers to the rights of individuals and companies to control how information about them is collected and used.

Answer 46

information privacy

Question 47

____ are used for marketing purposes, such as sending advertisements that fit each individual’s interests or trying to sign people up over the phone for some type of service.

Answer 47

Marketing databases

Question 48

A marketing activity that can be considered a privacy risk is ____.

Answer 48

electronic profiling

Question 49

Collecting in-depth information about an individual is known as ____.

Answer 49

electronic profiling

Question 50

Most businesses and Web sites that collect personal information have a(n) ____ that discloses how the personal information you provide will be used.

Answer 50

privacy policy

Question 51

When spam is sent via IM it is called ____.

Answer 51

spim

Question 52

For online shopping, signing up for free offers, discussion groups, product registration, and other activities that typically lead to junk e-mail, use a disposable or ____.

Answer 52

throw-away email address

Question 53

One common way to deal with spam that makes it to your computer is to use a(n) ____.

Answer 53

email filter

Question 54

By ____, you instruct companies you do business with that they cannot share your personal data with third parties.

Answer 54

opting out

Question 55

To ____ means to request that you be included in marketing activities or that your information be shared with other companies.

Answer 55

opt in

Question 56

____ is used specifically for the purpose of recording keystrokes or otherwise monitoring someone’s computer activity.

Answer 56

Computer monitoring software

Question 57

____ is the use of video cameras to monitor activities of individuals, such as employees or individuals in public locations, for work-related or crime-prevention purposes.

Answer 57

Video surveillance

Question 58

____ refers to companies recording or observing the actions of employees while on the job.

Answer 58

Employee monitoring

Question 59

____ cameras are also increasingly being installed in schools in the United States and other countries to enable administrators to monitor both teacher and student activities.

Answer 59

Video surveillance

Question 60

For monitoring the physical locations of employees, video cameras can be used, but another possibility is the use of ____.

Answer 60

proximity cards

Question 61

Typically, 3D chips are created by layering individual ____ wafers on top of one another with a special machine that uses cameras to align the wafers properly.

Answer 61

silicon

Question 62

____ chips have a special coating that changes its physical state when heat is applied.

Answer 62

PRAM

Question 63

____ displays are transparent and can emit light toward the top and bottom of the display surface; the portion of the display that does not currently have an image displayed (and the entire display device when it is off) is nearly as transparent as glass, so the user can see through the screen.

Answer 63

TOLED

Question 64

Designed initially for mobile phones and other portable devices, an IMOD screen is essentially a complex mirror that uses ____ light to display images.

Answer 64

external

Question 65

To record data, holographic storage systems split the light from a blue laser beam into two beams–a ____ beam whose angle determines the address used to store data at that particular location on the storage medium and a signal beam that contains the data.

Answer 65

reference

Question 66

With holographic storage systems, the signal beam passes through a device called a ____ light modulator (SLM) which translates the data’s 0s and 1s into a hologram.

Answer 66

spatial

Question 67

Today’s holographic storage systems typically consist of a holographic drive and removable recordable holographic media cartridges; current capacity is ____ GB per cartridge, with 1.6 TB cartridges expected in the near future.

Answer 67

300

Question 68

Most people agree that nanotechnology involves creating computer components, machines, and other structures that are less than ____ nanometers in size.

Answer 68

100

Question 69

The wall of a single-walled carbon nanotube is only one carbon atom thick and the tube diameter is approximately ____ times smaller than a human hair.

Answer 69

10,000

Question 70

One recent development in new technology is ____ that can remove contaminants from water sources.

Answer 70

nanoparticles

Question 71

A(n) ____ computer uses light, such as from laser beams or infrared beams, to perform digital computations.

Answer 71

optical

Question 72

While some researchers are working on developing an all-optical computer, others believe that a mix of optical and electronic components, referred to as an ____ computer, may be the best bet for the future.

Answer 72

opto-electronic

Question 73

One new improvement to videoconferencing technology to make it more closely mimic a real-time meeting environment is ____ conferencing.

Answer 73

telepresence

Question 74

Power over Ethernet (PoE) allows both ____ power and data to be sent over standard Ethernet cables.

Answer 74

electrical

Question 75

Developed in the late 1990s, Wi-Fi (for wireless fidelity) is a family of wireless networking standards that use the IEEE standard ____.

Answer 75

802.11

Question 76

The speed and distance of a Wi-Fi network depends on a variety of factors, such as the particular Wi-Fi standard and ____.

Answer 76

The number of solid objects between the access point and PC (walls, doors) Interference from devices using radio frequencies (baby monitors, microwave ovens) The hardware being used

Question 77

In general, Wi-Fi is designed for data transfers between ____ feet indoors.

Answer 77

100 and 300

Question 78

____ is one of the Wi-Fi standards most widely used today.

Answer 78

802.11g

Question 79

____ applications that exist in some form today include intelligent agents, expert systems, neural networks, and robotics.

Answer 79

Artificial intelligence

Question 80

____ provide help or assistance for a particular application program. Some can detect when the user might be having trouble with the program and automatically offer appropriate advice.

Answer 80

Application assistants

Question 81

The ____ Web is a predicted evolution of the current Web in which all Web content is stored in formats that are more easily read by software applications and intelligent agents.

Answer 81

Semantic

Question 82

One example of a neural network is a(n) ____ system that uses cameras to inspect objects and make determinations–for example, the systems that check products for defects at manufacturing plants.

Answer 82

vision

Question 83

When using a(n) ____ system, it is important to realize that its conclusions are based on the data and rules stored in its knowledge base, as well as the information provided by the users.

Answer 83

expert

Question 84

____ is the process of connecting the brain with a computer, such as implanting electrodes directly into the brain to restore lost functionality to or facilitate the communications of severely disabled

Answer 84

BCI

Question 85

Privacy-rights advocates worry that the ____ could someday be used by the government to track citizens.

Answer 85

VeriChip

Question 86

____ is involved with the development of robotic prosthetic arms that feel, look, and perform like natural arms, which will be used by military personnel who are injured in the line of duty.

Answer 86

DARPA

Question 87

An emerging military robotic application is the ____ suit, which is a wearable robotic system designed to give an individual additional physical capabilities and protection.

Answer 87

exoskeleton

Question 88

Telesurgery is typically ____ than normal surgery.

Answer 88

more precise less invasive