Morphology

Question 0

Geophyte

Answer 0

Life form.

Perennial herb with underground perennating rootstock such as bulbs, corms, rhizomes

Question 1

Therophyte

Answer 1

Life form.

Annual plant.

Question 2

Epiphyte

Answer 2

Plant growing on another plant

Question 3

Mycorrhizae

Answer 3

Roots with Symbiotic relationship with fungi

Question 4

First root to develop after embryo growth

Answer 4

Radicle

Question 5

Stem plus associated leaves

Answer 5

Shoot

Question 6

Flower. Short tube and short limb

Answer 6

Rotate

Question 7

Flower. Long tube and long limb

Answer 7

Salverform

Question 8

Flower. Long tube and short limb

Answer 8

Tubular

Question 9

Habit

Answer 9

General form of a plant

-herb, vine, liana, shrub, or tree

Question 10

plant habitats

Answer 10

Aquatic (floating or submersed), terrestrial, epiphytic

Question 11

Plant life forms

Answer 11

therophyte (annual), geophyte (perennial herb), epiphyte, halophyte (salt adapted), xerophyte (dry adapted), succulent (fleshy stems)

Question 12

adventitious roots

Answer 12

roots arising from an organ other than the root, usually from a stem

Question 13

taproot vs fibrous root

Answer 13

Taproot = primary root (radical) develops into dominant root
Fibrous = primary root soon withers and is replaced by other adventitious roots

Question 14

Taproot becomes thickened accumulating reservoirs of high energy storage compounts

Answer 14

Storage root

Question 15

adventitious roots that don’t enter the soil and can absorb water and minerals from the air

Answer 15

Aerial roots

Question 16

Roots of parasitic plants

Answer 16

haustorial roots

Question 17

roots growing from the base of a stem (corn)

Answer 17

prop roots

Question 18

roots growing up to obtain additional oxygen in swamp areas

Answer 18

pneumatophores

Question 19

horizontally spreading roots, often thickened vertically to aid in support

Answer 19

buttress roots

Question 20

wood

Answer 20

secondary xylem tissue

Question 21

bark

Answer 21

secondary phloem, leftover cortex, and derivatives of the cork cambium

Question 22

rootstock

Answer 22

underground stems of some perennials that function in storage and protection

Question 23

shoot with a small amount of vertical stem tissue and a large amount of thick, fleshy, storage leaves

Answer 23

bulb

ex: allium (onion)

Question 24

shoot mostly of generally globose stem tissue surrounded by some scale-like leaves

Answer 24

Corm ex: Iris

Question 25

horizontal, underground stem, typically with short internodes and with scale like leaves

Answer 25

rhizome ex: ginger

Question 26

thick, underground storage stem bearing outer buds and lacking storage leaves

Answer 26

tuber

Question 27

sharp pointed stem or shoot

Answer 27

thorn

Question 28

stem with long internodes that run on or just below ground

Answer 28

stolon | strawberry

Question 29

flattened succulent stem

Answer 29

Cladode Ex: prickly pear cactus

Question 30

acaulescent

Answer 30

lacks an above ground stem except for a peduncle/inflorescence axis

Question 31

caulescent

Answer 31

with an above ground stem

Question 32

basally woody, apically herbaceous

Answer 32

suffrutescent

Question 33

trailling or lying flat

Answer 33

prostrate

Question 34

flat and rooting at the nodes

Answer 34

repent

Question 35

basally prostrate and apically ascending

Answer 35

decumbent

Question 36

tow or more axillary buds that are oriented sideways

Answer 36

Collateral buds

Question 37

two or ore axillary buds oriented vertically

Answer 37

superposed buds

Question 38

A leaf that is modified in shape and usually smaller than the major photosynthetic leaves. typically associated with flowers

Answer 38

Bract

Question 39

small, non-green leaf usually for protaction

Answer 39

scale

Question 40

coiled twining leaf of leaf part

Answer 40

tendril

Question 41

sharp pointed leaf or leaf part

Answer 41

spine stipular spine = modified stipules

Question 42

leaf flattened side-to-side and having a left and right side, often sheathing at the base

Answer 42

unifacial leaf

Question 43

central axis

Answer 43

rachis

Question 44

leaflets arranged on a central axis

Answer 44

pinnately compound

Question 45

odd # of leaflets

Answer 45

imparipinnate

Question 46

even # of leaflets

Answer 46

parapinate

Question 47

leaf attachments

Answer 47

petiolate, sessile, sheathing, amplexicaul, perfoliate, connate-perfoliate

Question 48

perfect flower

Answer 48

both stamens and carpels | imperfect flowers either staminate or pistillate

Question 49

plant with only bisexual flowers

Answer 49

hemaphroditic

Question 50

Plant with only unisex flowers, both staminate and pistillate individuals on the same plant

Answer 50

monoecious

Question 51

plant with only unisex flowers but each sex on separate plants

Answer 51

dioecious

Question 52

polygamous

Answer 52

plant with both bisexual and unisexual flowers

Question 53

no fusion of sepals

Answer 53

aposepalous

Question 54

no fusion of petals

Answer 54

apopetalous

Question 55

fusion of sepals

Answer 55

synsepalous

Question 56

fusion of petals

Answer 56

sympetalous

Question 57

urn shaped flower

Answer 57

urceolate

Question 58

butterfly like flower

Answer 58

papilionaceous

Question 59

bell shaped flower

Answer 59

campanulate

Question 60

two lipped, generally with an upper and lower

Answer 60

bilabiate

Question 61

stamens adnate to petals/corrola

Answer 61

epipetalous

Question 62

two groups of stamens each connate by their filaments only | -fabaceae

Answer 62

diadelphous | monadelphous one group of stamens connate by filaments

Question 63

anthers connate but filaments distinct

Answer 63

syngenesious

Question 64

general determinate inflorescence type

Answer 64

cyme

Question 65

indeterminate inflorescence type with a single axis bearing sessile flowers

Answer 65

spike

Question 66

indeterminate inflorescence type with a single axis bearing pedicellate flowers

Answer 66

raceme

Question 67

branched raceme; has several branched axes bearing pedicellate flowers

Answer 67

panicle

Question 68

inflorescence with single axis with lateral axes and/or pedicels bearing flat topped or convex flowers (all coming to the same height)

Answer 68

corymb (simple of compound)

Question 69

a raceme of cymes (grapes)

Answer 69

thyrse

Question 70

determinate or indeterminate inflorescence type with the pedicels attached at one point to the peduncle

Answer 70

umbel

Question 71

inflorescence with whorls at each node (sessile)

Answer 71

verticillaster

Question 72

planar shapes

Answer 72

linear, elliptic, lanceolate, ovate (egg), obovate (upsidedown egg), cordate (heart), falcate, reniform (notched), spatulate

Question 73

base shapes

Answer 73

truncate, rounded, cordate, reniform, auriculate, hastate, sagittate, oblique, peltate

Question 74

apex shapes

Answer 74

acuminate, acute, obtuse, truncate, rounded, emarginate

Question 75

margins

Answer 75

entire (smooth), serrate (saw), serrulate (little saw), doubly serrate, dentate (teeth), denticulate (little teeth), crenate (wavy), crenulate (little waves), spinose, praemorse, ciliate, ciliolate, filiferous

Question 76

sand papery

Answer 76

scaberous

Question 77

thick hairs bent over

Answer 77

strigose