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English Language > Morphology and Lexicology > Flashcards

Morphology and Lexicology Flashcards

1
Q

Morphology

A

The study of word formation

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2
Q

Morpheme

A

The smallest unit of meaning

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3
Q

Stem

A

A morpheme that can stand alone, represents the meaning of the word

un DO ing

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4
Q

Bound morpheme

A

Must be attached to another morpheme (Stem) to make a word

ing, un, re

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5
Q

Free Morpheme

A

A unit of meaning that can stand alone as a word.

“Dog” in “Doghouse”

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6
Q

Affix

A

A morpheme that cannot exist on it’s own, needs to be added to stem. Prefix or Suffix

(re)do
Jump(ing)

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7
Q

Prefix

A

An affix attached to the front of the stem

(Un)do
(Re)duplicate

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8
Q

Suffix

A

A morpheme attached to the end of a stem

Runn(ing)
Kill(ing)

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9
Q

Inflectional Morpheme

A

Morphemes that give grammatical information.

Old -> Older
High -> Higher

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10
Q

Derivational Morpheme

A

Morphemes that change the word class

Teach -> Teacher

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11
Q

Backformation

A

Affixes are removed from words to create new words.

Burgeler -> Burgle

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12
Q

Affixation

A

Adding an affix to a word to create a new word

Mail -> Email

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13
Q

Contraction

A

The process of shortening a word by combination or elision.

can not -> can’t
Should not -> Shouldn’t

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14
Q

Abbreviation

A

A shortened form of a word or phrase

Reverend -> Rev

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15
Q

Alliteration

A

The repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of nearby words.

Test Taste

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16
Q

Assonance

A

The repetition of similarly stressed vowel sounds.

Right Bite Might

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17
Q

Consonance

A

Repetition of consonant sounds in the same position on nearby words.

Bland Rend

18
Q

Noun

A

a word (other than a pronoun) used to identify any of a class of people, places, or things

19
Q

Verb

A

a word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence

20
Q

Auxiliary Verb (And Examples)

A

An auxiliary verb helps the main (full) verb and is also called a “helping verb.” With auxiliary verbs, you can write sentences in different tenses, moods, or voices.

be, do, have, will, shall, would, should, can, could, may, might, must, ought, etc.

21
Q

Modal Verbs

A

an auxiliary verb that expresses necessity or possibility

must, shall, should, can

22
Q

Adjectives

A

a word naming an attribute of a noun,

Sweet, Red, Technical

23
Q

Adverbs

A

a word or phrase that modifies the meaning of an adjective, verb, or other adverb, expressing manner, place, time, or degree

gently, here, now, very

24
Q

Prepositions

A

Expresses Relations (Spatial, Time, Relationship) (Not just physical)

ON the platform
she arrived AFTER dinner
what did you do it FOR

25
Q

Pronouns

A

Refers to a noun/s either earlier or later in the discourse.

I, She, He, They, Him, Her

26
Q

Conjunction

A

a word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause

and, but, if

27
Q

Determiners

A

a modifying word that determines the kind noun or noun group type

a, the, every

28
Q

Interjections

A

an exclamation, especially as a part of speech

Ah!
Dear me!
Shit!

29
Q

Function Word

A

a word whose purpose is to contribute to the syntax rather than the meaning of a sentence,

we DO not live here

Auxiliary verbs, pronouns, articles, and prepositions

30
Q

Content Word

A

Content words are words that have meaning

Nouns, main verbs, adjectives and adverbs

31
Q

Infix

A

A morpheme that is inserted into the base of the word to create a new word or intensify meaning.

Abso-Bloody-Lutely

32
Q

Blends

A

A word formed by merging the sounds and meanings of two or more other words or word parts

camcorder (camera recorder)

33
Q

Acronyms

A

an abbreviation formed from the initial letters of other words and pronounced as a word

ANZAC Australia New Zealand Army Corps

34
Q

Initialism

A

an abbreviation consisting of initial letters pronounced separately

BBC British Broadcasting Corporation

35
Q

Shortenings

A

word formation process which consists in the reduction of a word to one of its parts

Newspaper -> Paper
Because -> cause

36
Q

Compounding

A

the process of combining two words (free morphemes) to create a new word

Butter fly -> Butterfly

37
Q

Collocations

A

A sequence of words that co-appear more often than expected by chance.

Good Morning
Merry Christmas

38
Q

Neologisms

A

A newly coined word

Huragh

39
Q

Pragmatics

A

The study of how context contributes to meaning.

40
Q

Register

A

a variety of a language or a level of usage, as determined by degree of formality and choice of vocabulary, pronunciation, and syntax, according to the communicative purpose, social context, and standing of the user.

THINK FORMALITY

40
Q

Abstract Noun

A

A noun that cannot be touched/isn’t tangible.

Authority, responsibility

40
Q

Abstract Noun

A

A noun that cannot be touched/isn’t tangible.

Authority, responsibility

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