Most Common

Question 1

Most common cause of septic arthritis

Answer 1

Staphylococcus aureus

[also says that N.gonorrhea is the most common cause of septic arthritis in sexually active adults]

Question 2

Most common cause of osteomyelitis

Answer 2

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 3

Most common cause of endocarditis of artificial heart valves

Answer 3

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Question 4

1 cause of meningitis in neonates

Answer 4

Streptococcus agalactiae (group B strep)

Question 5

1 cause of community-acquired pneumonia

Answer 5

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 6

Most common bacterial cause of meningitis, otitis media, pneumonia, and sinusitis

Answer 6

Streptococcus pneumoniae (MOPS mneumonic)

Question 7

Which is more common, Enterococcus faecium or Enterococcus faecalis?

Answer 7

E. faecalis

Question 8

Most common illness associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae infection

Answer 8

UTI (often nosocomial, associated with foley catheter)

[note that UTI is also the most common illness associated with Serratia marcescens]

Question 9

1 cause of osteomyelitis in patients with sickle cell disease

Answer 9

Salmonella typhi

Question 10

1 cause of UTIs

Answer 10

Escherichia coli

Question 11

1 cause of gram-negative nosocomial pneumonia

Answer 11

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 12

Leading cause of blindness worldwide

Answer 12

Chlamydia trachomatis (group A-C)

Question 13

Most common bacterial STI

Answer 13

Chlamydia trachomatis (group D-K)

Question 14

Most common cause of erysipelas

Answer 14

Strep pyogenes

Question 15

Which is more common in the US, Shigella sonnei or Shigella dysenteriae?

Answer 15

Shigella sonnei

Question 16

Most common cause of aseptic (nonbacterial) meningitis, with young children being the most susceptible

Answer 16

Enteroviruses (Picornaviridae family) - including poliovirus, coxsackie A and B, and echovirus

Question 17

Most common Calicivirus (Caliciviridae)

Answer 17

Norovirus

Question 18

Most common cause of sporadic encephalitis in USA

Answer 18

HSV type 1 (causes temporal lobe encephalitis)

Question 19

Most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss in children

Answer 19

CMV (herpesviridae family)

Question 20

1 cause of congenital viral infection

Answer 20

CMV (herpesviridae family)

Question 21

Most common manifestation of CMV infection in AIDS patients vs. most common manifestation in non-immunosuppressed

Answer 21

AIDS pts = CMV retinitis

Non-immunosuppressed = CMV mononucleosis

Question 22

Most common site of lesions associated with HHV-8, Kaposi’s sarcoma

Answer 22

Hard palate

Question 23

Most common cause of tonsilitis and adenoiditis

Answer 23

Adenovirus (adenoviridae)

Question 24

1 cause of liver transplants

Answer 24

Hepatitis C

Question 25

#1 cause of hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 25

Hepatitis C

Question 26

Most common cause of PNA and bronchiolitis in infants

Answer 26

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) of paramyxoviridae family

Question 27

Most common cause of severe diarrhea in young children

Answer 27

Rotavirus (Reoviridae)

Question 28

Most common cause of opportunistic mycoses

Answer 28

Candida albicans

Question 29

Most common cause of fungal meningitis

Answer 29

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 30

Most common predisposing factor to mucormycetes fungal infection

Answer 30

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Question 31

Most common involved site of amoebic liver abscess

Answer 31

Right lobe

Question 32

Most commonly found organism in AIDS patients with diarrhea

Answer 32

Cryptosporidium

Question 33

#1 cause of preventable blindness in sub-Saharan Africa

Answer 33

Onchocerca volvulus parasitic infection

Question 34

Most common prion disease of humans

Answer 34

CJD