Motion Flashcards
Speed
Rate of change of distance
Displacement
Shortest distance between two points on the line of travel independent of path
Velocity
Rate of change of displacement, or speed in a given direction
Acceleration
Rate of change of velocity per unit time
Rate of change
Change in a quantity relative to another quantity, usually time e.g. change in quantity per second
Average speed
Total distance travelled divided by time taken to travel that distance
Instantaneous speed
Rate of change of distance at a given instance
uniform motion
motion with no change in velocity
Newton’s first law
An object will remain at rest or move at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a net force
Net force
The vector sum of all forces acting on an object. Also called the resultant force
Newton’s second law
The rate of change of momentum of an object is directly proportional to the resultant force acting upon it and the change in momentum is in the direction of the force
Impulse
Product of a force acting on an object and the time for which it lasts
Newton’s third law
When body A exerts a force on body B, body B exerts an equal and opposite force of the same type on body A
The newton
One newton is the force that gives a mass of 1kg an acceleration of 1ms-2
Principle of conservation of linear momentum
In a closed system, the total momentum before a collision or event is equal to the total momentum after
