Motivation, Sleep, Attention

Question 1

Intrinsic Motivation vs. External Motivation

Answer 1

Intrinsic Motivation: internal

External Motivation: rewards or punishment

Question 2

Drive Reduction Theory

Answer 2

• need: lack/deprivation of something you need
• drive: aroused state

• fulfilling the drive will reduce the need

Ex:
need foodenergy->hungry (drive)->eat food
(eating food deceases the need for food/energy)

Question 3

Incentive Theory

Answer 3

• rewards
• tangible: promotion
• intangible: job satisfaction

Question 4

Sleep

Answer 4

1) “active” -> beta waves
2) rest -> alpha waves

Stages
Stage 1: falling asleep (point of no return), theta
Stage 2-4: deep sleep
Stage 2: K complex, spindle fiber, theta
Stage 3,4: delta

Question 5

REM

Answer 5

rapid eye movement
- dreaming, similar to ‘awake’ (alpha)

Question 6

Sleep deprived

Answer 6

need REM (REM rebound)

Question 7

Sleep Tests

Answer 7

1) EEG
- electrical activity
2) MRI/CT
- static shots
3) PET/fMRI
- blood flow/process over time
4) Skin Conductance
- sweat more = lying

Question 8

Cocktail Party Effect

Answer 8

• use selective attention to tune out rest of party and focus on conversation
  
  • ability to concentrate on one voice amongst a crowd
• not absolute because if someone calls your name, you’ll notice

Question 9

Dichotic Presentation

Answer 9

• wearing headphones that say different things in left and right

shadowing
- repeat what was said in one ear
- were able to do it, but had no idea what other ear said but could tell if man or woman voice

Question 10

Extrinsic vs External Motivation

Answer 10

Extrinsic motivation (broad) refers to any motivation that results from incentives to perform a behavior that are not inherent to the behavior itself.
External motivation (specific) is described as social pressure, which is an example of extrinsic motivation