motivation theories

Question 1

Instinct theory

Answer 1

• Explains some animal behaviors__
• Explains some human behaviors
• Does not explain other human behaviors

Automatic, unlearned, involuntary behavior, triggered by a specific stimulus
Birds building certain types of nest

Question 2

Drive reduction theory

Answer 2

The idea that physiological needs creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
-The need → maintain homeostasis

-Glucose levels, leptin, regulation of set point in wight, if you’re thirsty, you drink water
Not too cold, not to hot. Not too wet, not to dry **

Question 3

Incentive theory

Answer 3

Behavior is directed towards attaining desirable stimuli and avoiding unwanted stimuli
* Emphasizes the roles of environmental Stimuli that motivate behavior
* Two incentive related systems

Wanting → being attracted to a stimulus
Liking → Evaluating how pleasurable a stimulus is → intrinsically motivated; the best

an employee might work extra hours to earn a bonus

Question 4

Optimal arousal theory

Answer 4

Motivation is tied to regulation of arousal
* Performance is best when arousal is moderate
* Organisms are motivated by behave in ways that maintain their optimal level of arousal
* Yerkse Dodson law

• A runner might perform best with a moderate level of excitement and adrenaline before a race*

Question 5

Yerkse Dodson Law

Answer 5

**states that we are motivated to maintain an optimal level of arousal
* From Arousal theory

-We go do something and if overstimulated, we relax
-Yerkes Dodson laws state that performance increases with arousal only up to a point and then beyond that performance decreases.; moderate=best

Question 6

Self determination theory

Answer 6

Argues that people are motivated to learn, grow and change their lives if there →
3 basic psychological needs are satisfied: competence, connection and autonomy.

• Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic

Question 7

Intrinsic Motivation

Answer 7

Intrinsic motivation is when we find participation in an activity personally rewarding and fulfilling .

Question 8

Extrinsic motivation

Answer 8

Extrinsic motivation is when we participate in an activity to gain a reward or avoid punishment

Question 9

Hierarchy of motives

Answer 9

basic needs