Motivational Theories

Question 1

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 1

1. physical
2. safety: protection, job security, safety
3. social: belonging, friendship
4. esteem: respect, recognition & achievement
5. self-actualization: reaching one’s potential (self growth & advancement)

Question 2

F.W Taylor

Answer 2

• money only motivator
  ==> piece-rate method
  ==> theory X
  ==> autocratic

Question 3

Herzberg’s Two Factor

Answer 3

hygiene factor (do not motivate): working conditions, salary, social

motivators: achievement, recognition, work itself, advancement

Question 4

Mayo Human Relations

Answer 4

• working conditions & pay don’t affect productivity
• worker participation in decision-making
• team work & control

Question 5

McClelland

Answer 5

• Achievement: goals & opportunities
• Authority: control, influence & leadership
• Affiliation: relations, team work

Question 6

Vroom

Answer 6

• people behave in the way they believe will lead to best outcome
  ==> reward will lead to good performance