motivators at work Flashcards
(24 cards)
Need theories: McClelland’s theory of achievement motivation
need for achievement, affiliation and power
nAch
achievement: motivated by challenges, look for tasks aren’t too easy/hard
- workers want to be successful based on hard work rather than on basis of luck
nAff
affiliation: need to be liked+accepted by others to be part of group of workers
motivated by cooperative tasks
nPow
power: need to influence+control others, motivated by chance to gain status
TAT (Thematic Apperception Test)
measures Ach- consists of ambiguous inkblot images to interpret
what did Saeednia do?
tested Maslow’s theory using a scale measuring basic needs satisfaction using open ended qs->qual data
established BNNS scale
Cognitive theories: Latham and Locke’s goal-setting theory
opposes McClelland’s idea that internal motives are largely unconscious
Locke’s goal-setting principles
Clarity (specific, ambiguous, measurable)
Challenge (relevant+reward linked)
Complexity (achievable within specific time period)
Commitment (understood+accepted)
Feedback (+ve and constructive, allowing self-reflection)
Cognitive theories: SMART goals
Specific (what’ll be accomplished)
Measurable (what data will measure the goal)
Attainable (do you have the resources/skills to attain it)
Relevant (how does goal align with your broader views)
Timescale (time frame to accomplish)
Cognitive theories: Vroom’s VIE (expectancy) theory proposition
- all workers are rational beings
- potential rewards highly influence motivation in workers
VIE: we CAN be motivated if:
- clear relation between effort+performance
- favourable performance is rewarded (reward satisfies a need)
- the desire to satisfy a need is strong enough to make the effort worthwhile
motivation=
expectancy x instrumentality x valence
expectancy
amount of effort expected to be put in
instrumentality
employee expects that acceptable performance will produce desired reward
valence
strength+size of reward
extrinsic motivation
consequences driven by external factors(monetary reward, avoiding -ve consequences)
types of extrinsic motivation
- pay
- bonuses
- profit sharing
- performance related pay
types of intrinsic motivation
- recognition
- praise
- respect
- empowerment
- sense of belonging
Deci+Ryan’s Self-determination theory
person’s self-management ability, confidence in choices and thinking
assumptions of self-determination theory
- need for GROWTH drives behaviour
- autonomous motivation is important
3 basic needs of self-determination
- autonomy (self-governance=independence)
- relatedness (need to build relations with others+feel sense of attachment+belonging)
- competence: having correct qualities to perform task
autonomy
self-governance=independence
relatedness
need to build relations with others+feel sense of attachment+belonging
competence
having correct qualities to perform task
