Motor Control Lecture 1 Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is motor control
Ability to regulate/direct movement mechanism
What are the 3 characteristics that make up movement
Task
Individual
Environment
What are the 3 individual systems in motor control
Motor/action systems
Sensory/perceptual systems
Cognitive systems
What is open task (referring to environment)
Requires a constant monitoring of sensory inputs (vision, proprioception)
Unpredictable environment
Being outside
ex: playing soccer, hiking
What is closed task (referring to environment)
Performed in relative fixed or stable environment
-predictable environment
- requires less constant monitoring
What is discrete task
Having a recognizable beginning and end
- example; kicking a soccer ball, lying down
What is continuous task
The end point of the task is not an inherent characteristic of the task but is decided arbitrarily by the performer
Ex; running or walking
What is stability task
Performed on a non moving base of support
Ex; sitting or standing
What is a mobility task
Requires a moving base of support
Ex; running or walking
What is manipulation task
Movement of the UE
What is non manipulation task
No movement with UE
What are 3 factors that make up TASK in movement
Mobility
Postural control
UE function
What are 3 factors that make up INDIVIDUAL in movement
Cognitive
Sensory/perception
Motor/action
What are 2 factors that make up ENVIRONMENT in movement
Regulatory (control internally)
Nonregulatory (can’t control externally: sound, environment)
What are regulatory features
Aspects of the environment that shape the movement itself
Ex: size, weight/shape of a cup to be picked up
AFFECTS MOVEMENT
What are non regulatory features
May affect performance, but movement does not have to conform to these features
Ex; noise, distractions
AFFECTS PERFORMANCE
What are the 5 theories of movement
Reflex
Hierarchical
Motor programming
Systems
Ecological
What is reflex theory
- Movement is controlled by chain of reflexes
- sensory inputs ex is needed for reflex theory
- building blocks for COMPLEX MOVEMENTS
- test reflexes either REDUCED or ENHANCE
Reflex theory is UNEXPLAINABLE
What is heirarchical theory
- CNS controls this
- there’s higher center control and lower center control
-lower behaviors or PRIMITIVE - higher behaviors or MATURE and inhibit primitive reflexes
- neurodevelopment
- we focus on getting that “HIGHER LEVEL”
What is motor programming theory
Movement can occur w/o SENSORY STIMULUS
-allows novel/fast movements
-central programmers/generators produce movement
- Schmidt’s is adaptable BUT does not account for environment and biomechanics
- emphasizes relearning
- PRACTICE
What is ecological theory
Movement is involved by the individual and environment
- perception and environment
-less emphasis on neural control
- therapist can manipulate the environment to a more goal directed task and meaningful
What is system theory
Movement is not influenced on ONE system
- nonlinear
- can de-emphasize the role of CNS
- focuses on making things easier/harder
WE USE THIS A LOT
What is synergies
Adaptable, flexible rather than fixed
Proposes solution to DOF
What is self organization
Organization emerges from the interaction of elements and does not require central commands
