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NMS 1 Exam Two > Motor Exam > Flashcards

Motor Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

upper motor neuron lesions are these kind of injuries (peripheral, central)

A

central

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2
Q

location of UMNL

A

brain, spinal cord

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3
Q

these neuron lesions can be unilateral and bilateral

A

UMNL

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4
Q

these neuron lesions have spastic paralysis (functional nerve)

A

UMNL

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5
Q

lower motor neuron lesions are these kinds of injuries (central, peripheral)

A

peripheral

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6
Q

these neuron lesions are unilateral but affect one to many muscles and sensory regions

A

LMNL

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7
Q

these neuron lesions have flaccid paralysis (non-functional nerve)

A

LMNL

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8
Q

strength testing that has complete paralysis, 0% of normal movement, and no contraction

A

0/5

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9
Q

strength testing that has a twitch of muscle, 0-10% of movement, and can feel muscle action but don’t see movement

A

1/5

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10
Q

strength testing that has moderate to severe paresis, active movement can happen when gravity is eliminated, 11-25% of normal movement, patient can move joint through full ROM without gravity

A

2/5

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11
Q

strength testing that has moderate paresis, active movement against gravity, 26-50% of normal movement, and complete ROM against gravity

A

3/5

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12
Q

strength testing that has mild paresis, active movement against gravity and mild resistance, 51-75% of normal movement, usually resistance of 2 fingers

A

4/5

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13
Q

strength testing that has normal strength and 76-100% of normal movement

A

5/5

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14
Q

supraspinatus muscle has this nerve root and peripheral nerve

A

nerve root=C5

peripheral nerve=suprascapular

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15
Q

deltoid muscle has this nerve root and peripheral nerve

A

nerve root=C5

peripheral nerve=axillary

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16
Q

biceps muscle has this nerve root and peripheral nerve

A

nerve root=C5

peripheral nerve=musculocutaneous

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17
Q

brachioradialis muscle has this nerve root and peripheral nerve

A

nerve root=C5

peripheral nerve=radial

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18
Q

wrist extensors have this nerve root and peripheral nerve

A

nerve root=C6

peripheral nerve=radial

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19
Q

triceps muscle has this nerve root and peripheral nerve

A

nerve root=C7

peripheral nerve=radial

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20
Q

wrist flexors have this nerve root and peripheral nerve

A

nerve root=C7

peripheral nerve=median/ulnar

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21
Q

finger extensors have this nerve root and peripheral nerve

A

nerve root=C7

peripheral nerve=raidal

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22
Q

finger flexors have this nerve root and peripheral nerve

A

nerve root=C8

peripheral nerve=median/ulnar

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23
Q

finger abductors have this nerve root and peripheral nerve

A

nerve root=T1

peripheral nerve=ulnar

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24
Q

finger adductors have this nerve root and peripheral nerve

A

nerve root=T1

peripheral nerve=ulnar

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25
decreased muscle tone means this kind of neuron lesion
LMNL
26
increased muscle tone means this kind of neuron lesion
UMNL
27
hypertonia means
increased muscle tone
28
increased muscular resistance felt by examiner during quick joint movement
spasticity
29
involuntary muscular resistance felt when moving a resting joint and persists as the joint is moved through its entire ROM
rigidity
30
hypotonia means
decreased muscle tone
31
loss of normal neurological function
deficit phenomenon
32
exaggerations or perversions of normal neurological function due to a loss of cortical inhibition
release phenomenon
33
biceps reflex has this nerve root and peripheral nerve
nerve root=C5 | peripheral nerve=musculocutaneous
34
brachioradialis reflex has this nerve root and peripheral nerve
nerve root=C6 | peripheral nerve=radial
35
triceps reflex has this nerve root and peripheral nerve
nerve root=C7 | peripheral nerve=radial
36
finger flexion reflex has this nerve root and peripheral nerve
nerve root=C8 | peripheral nerve=median/ulnar
37
grading reflex that's a 0 means
absent reflex
38
grading reflex that's a 1 means
hypoactive reflex
39
grading reflex that's a 2 means
normal reflex
40
grading reflex that's a 3 means
hyperactive reflex
41
grading reflex that's a 4 means
hyperactive reflex with sustained clonus
42
type of reflexes that are motor responses to scraping of the skin
superficial reflexes
43
superficial reflexes are graded as
present or absent
44
superficial reflexes can be abolished by
severe LMNL or destruction of sensory pathways from the skin
45
types of superficial reflexes
gag reflex, corneal blink reflex, epigastric reflex, upper/middle/lower abdominal reflex, cremasteric reflex, gluteal reflex, plantar reflex, anal reflex
46
innervation of gag reflex
CN 9 & 10
47
reflex that has elevation of soft palate, constriction of pharyngeal muscles
gag reflex
48
innervation of corneal blink reflex
CN 5 & 7
49
innervation of epigastric reflex
T5-T7
50
peripheral nerve of epigastric reflex
intercostal nerve
51
innervation of upper abdominal reflex
T7-T9
52
peripheral nerve of upper abdominal reflex
intercostal nerve
53
innervation of middle abdominal reflex
T9-T11
54
peripheral innervation of middle abdominal reflex
intercostal nerve
55
innervation of lower abdominal reflex
T11-T12
56
peripheral innervation of lower abdominal reflex
intercostal, iliohypogatric, ilioinguinal nerves
57
innervation of cremasteric reflex
L1-L2
58
peripheral innervation of cremasteric reflex
ilioinguinal, genitofemoral nerves
59
innervation of gluteal reflex
L4-S2
60
peripheral innervation of gluteal reflex
inferior gluteal nerve
61
innervation of plantar reflex
L4-S2
62
peripheral innervation of plantar reflex
tibial nerve
63
normal response with plantar reflex
plantar flexion of toes and foot
64
abnormal response with plantar reflex
dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes
65
innervation of anal reflex
S2-S5
66
peripheral innervation of anal reflex
hemorrhoidal
67
superficial or deep reflexes are normally controlled or inhibited by
the motor cortex or pyramidal tracts
68
Hoffman's sign is looking for lesion here
above C5 in corticospinal tract
69
Hoffman's sign abnormal response and what it means
abnormal=flexion of fingers and adduction of thumb | means=UMNL
70
Tromner sign is looking for lesion here
lesion above C5 in corticospinal tract
71
Tromner sign abnormal response and what it means
abnormal=flexion of fingers and adduction of thumb | means=UMNL
72
Rossolimo sign of the foot looking for lesion here
corticospinal tract
73
Rossolimo sign abnormal response and what it means
abnormal=plantar flexion of toes | means=UMNL
74
Babinski sign looking for lesion here
corticospinal tract
75
Babinski sign abnormal response and what it means
abnormal=dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes | mean=UMNL
76
Chaddock sign looking for lesion here
corticospinal tract
77
Chaddock sign abnormal response and what it means
abnormal=dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes | mean=UMNL
78
Oppenheim sign looking for lesion here
corticospinal tract
79
Oppenheim sign abnormal and what it means
abnormal=dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes | mean=UMNL
80
Gordon sign looking for lesion here
corticospinal tract
81
Gordon sign abnormal and what it means
abnormal=dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes | mean=UMNL
82
Schaefer sign looking for lesion here
corticospinal tract
83
Schaefer sign abnormal and what it means
abnormal=dorsiflexion of big toe and flaring of other toes | mean=UMNL
84
pupillary light reflex segmental level (afferent and efferent)
afferent=CN 2 | efferent=CN 3
85
accommodation reflex segmental level
CN 3
86
pupillary light reflex normal response
bilateral pupil constriction
87
accommodation normal response
convergence, constriction, lens thickening
88
ciliospinal reflex segmental level (afferent and efferent)
afferent=cervicals and CN 5 | efferent=cervical sympathetics
89
ciliospinal reflex abnormal response and what it means
abnormal=no pupil dilation on side of stimulation | means=cervical sympathetic lesion
90
oculocardiac reflex segmental level (afferent and efferent)
afferent=CN 5 | efferent=CN 10
91
oculocardiac reflex normal response
decrease in heart rate and blood pressure
92
carotid sinus reflex segmental level (afferent and efferent)
afferent=CN 9 | efferent=CN 10
93
carotid sinus normal response
decrease in heart rate and blood pressure
94
bulbocavernosus reflex segmental level
S3-S4
95
bulbocavernosus reflex normal response
contraction of bulbocavernosus muscle, urethral constriction, contraction of anal sphincter
96
muscle reflex dysfunction causes
reflexes are depressed in parallel to loss of strength
97
peripheral nerve reflex dysfunction causes
reflexes are depressed out of proportion of weakness
98
nerve root reflex dysfunction causes
reflexes are depressed in proportion to the weakness
99
spinal cord and brain stem reflex dysfunction causes
reflexes are hypoactive at the level of the lesion and hyperactive below the lesion
100
cerebellum reflex dysfunction causes
reflexes are hypoactive
101
cerebral cortex reflex dysfunction causes
unilateral disease will produce UMNL pattern on the contralateral side
102
shaking in the fingers due to agonists and antagonists actions
physiological tremor
103
startle reactions and are usually normal occurrences
myoclonic jerks
104
twitches within the muscle often after exercise
benign fasciculations
105
decreased movement seen in depression or Parkinson's
hypokinesia
106
increased movement
hyperkinesia
107
rapid tremor that worsens with volitional movement
emotional tremor
108
hereditary tremor that usually affects the hands
familial tremor
109
hereditary tremor associated with aging
senile tremor
110
"pill rolling" tremor at rest
Parkinsonian tremor
111
tremor that worsens with refined volitional movement
intention tremor
112
tremor that occurs during maintenance of an intentional posure
postural tremor
113
random quick movements simulating fragments of normal movements
nontremorous hyperkinesia
114
slow, writing movements of the fingers and extremities that may come and go
athetosis
115
slow, alternating contraction and relaxation of agonists and antagonists
dystonia
116
violent, flinging movement of half of the body
hemiballismus
117
quick, repetitive movements of the face or extremities associated with stress
tics
118
motor unrest manifested as continual shifting of posture
akathisia
119
tonic or clonic spasms of all or part of the body
epilepsy
120
involuntary movements of the face, mouth, tongue, limbs
tardive dyskinesias
121
gait that is characteristic of posterior column disease
ataxic gait
122
gait that is characteristic of spastic paraplegia
scissors gait
123
gait that is characterized by high knee action and flopping of the feet
steppage gait
124
gait characterized by marked irregularity and unsteadiness associated with vertigo and a tendency to reel to one side
cerebellar gait
125
gait characterized by a forward leaning posture and short shuffling steps slowly at first then becoming more rapid
festinating gait

NMS 1 Exam Two (3 decks)

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