Movement System Flashcards
(27 cards)
What carries motor information from the brain to the muscles?
The efferent pathway.
Afferent pathways carry what?
Sensory information to the brain.
What is a potential difference?
The imbalance of ions inside and outside the neuron.
What polarity is the resting potential?
Negative.
The Central Nervous System contains what?
Upper motor neurons, aka the brain and spinal chord.
This nervous system carries lower motor neurons and the afferent/efferent pathways to the body.
The Peripheral Nervous system.
Sensory nerves carry ______ to ______ via the ________ pathway.
sensory impulses to the CNS via afferent pathway.
What do the motor nerves conduct? Through what pathway?
Carry motor functions from the CNS to the body via the efferent pathway.
Why are type A neurons faster than type C neurons?
Type A neurons have a larger diameter and they are myelinated, while type C neurons are unmyelinated and smaller in diameter.
What do Alpha Motor Neurons innervate?
Extrafusal muscles. They are in the muscle and make the muscle contract.
What innervates intrafusal muscle fibers?
Gamma Motor Neurons.
Which has more myelination white matter or grey matter?
White Matter has more myelination
Where is the decision to what type of stimuli has been applied to the body happen? ( who decides if its noxious or not at the spinal chord level)
Grey Matter.
Explain Type one fibers.
Type one fibers are considered postural muscles because they are built to hold a position over a long period of time (endurance). They are considered Slow Twitch Fibers and use oxygen for energy.
What fiber is a Fast Twitch Fiber and is used for strength in rapid movements?
Type 2 fibers.
What is a motor unit?
It is a neuron and all the fibers it goes to. It has an all or nothing contraction which states if one fiber is going to contract, all the fibers linked are going to contract.
What responds to tension and where is it located?
Golgi tendon organs which are located in the muscle/ joint junction.
What responds to stretch in muscle fibers, is parallel to the muscle fibers, and responds to such stretch?
Muscle Spindles.
Gamma Motor Neurons are responsible for maintaining muscle tone, what is an example of how they work?
They help the back extensors keep our posture against gravity. They innervate intrafusal fibers.
What is kinesthesia?
awareness of where a joint is at in space.
________ is when we know where we are in a static position in space.
Position Sense.
True or False. Proprioception is the use of motor input to understand where the joints are in space at rest.
False. The body uses SENSORY input to understand where the body is in space.
What is the brainstem responsible for?
Automatic postural control and maintaining balance. (upper motor neuron) actions are involuntary.
This part of the upper motor neuron is responsible for patterns/coordination of motor activities and balance.
Cerebellum. and actions are involuntary.
