Mr smith-conduction system Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is the conduction system
stimulation of the heart
What are the 4 stages of the conduction system
SA NODE
IMPULSE TO LEFT ATRIUM
AV NODE
BUNDLE OF HIS
PUNKJI FIBRES
way to remember sia better play
what is the first stage of the conduction system and what does it do
SA NODE
sits just above right atrium
myogenic meaning self regulating
pacemaker
admits a signal(sends signal out)
CONTRACTING
crosses atria causing atrial systole forcing blood to ventricles
What is the second stage of the conduction system
impulse to left atrium
what is the third stage of the conduction system and what does it do
AV NODE
receives signal from sa node
relays the signal
ventricular systole
what is the fourth stage of the conduction system
BUNDLE OF HIS
postsioned in septum
seperates signal into left and right
forces blood outwards from aaorta and pulmonery artery
what is the fifth stage of the conduction system and what does it do
Punkji fibres
spreads signal to every cell
ventricular systole
Where are proprioceptor’s found
found in the muscles and tendons
what do propriorepceptors detect
change in length
tension
movemnet
what are two types of proproreceptors
muscle spindles
golgi tendon organs
what do muscle spindles do
-detect how far and fast a muscle fibre is being stretched
-found between fibres of a skeletal muscle
-prevents overstretching
sends signal causing muscle to contract to prevent overstretching
what do golgi tendon organs do
detect tension
prevent tearing
send signal to muscle to relax to prevent tearing
what is a strecth reflex
when activated, muscle spindle relays info to CNS (central nervous system)
the CNS then sends signal back to muscles motor neurone initiating a contraction of the muscle
-stretch reflex
-reflex causes muscle to contract preveting overstretching
muscle under tension
tension gets too high, golgi tendon activated causing muscle to relax.
what does PNF stand for and what is it
proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and is a type of advanced stretching and increases flexibility
what are the 4 stages of pnf
1.passive stretch
2.isometric contraction (voluntary)
3.relaxation
4.stretch (further)
How is pnf administrated
-use of partner to hold passive stretch
-followed by voluntery isometric contraction against the partner before repeating passive stretch
-proprioreceports involved in pnf=muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs
-muscle spindle explanation of what it does
-muscle spindles occur during the passive stretching phase of pnf
-person then performs the isometric contraction against the resistance of the partner
-Golgi tendon organs activated, overrides stretch reflex
-this is called AUTOGENIC INHIBITION where muscle relaxes and then can be stretched further
what is an isotonic muscle contraction
where a muscle contracts to create movement. it can be concentric(muscle shortens) or eccentric(muscle lengthens)
way to remember think tonic water make you drunk/movement
what are two isotonic muscle contraction examples
concentric-upward phase of a bicep curl
essentric-downward phase of a push up the triceps contracting. Flexion at elbow
what are isometric contractions
when a muscle conracts but doesnt cause movemnt or change in length.
what are two examples of isometric contractions
holding the plank
holding the crucifix position on the rings
what are the three types of muscle fibres
Slow twitch fibres (TYPE 1)
fast oxidative glycolytic fibres (TYPE 2A)
fast glycolytic fibres (TYPE 2B)
slow twitch fibres sporting examples
-aerobic
-e.g. marathan runner
fast oxidative glycolytic fibres type 2a
-ananerobic
-e.g. 400m runner
fast glycolytic fibres type 2b
-anaerobic
-e.g. 100m sprinter
