mroeeee stuff

Question 1

membrane

Answer 1

separates extracellular environment from intracellular

Question 2

membrane allows for what to develop

Answer 2

gradients

Question 3

membrane property

Answer 3

semi permeable barrier

Question 4

membrane composition

Answer 4

asymmetrical environment
an association of phospholipids, and protiens

Question 5

what type of amino acid typically bypasses the bilayer

Answer 5

hydrophobic

Question 6

what do phospolipids spontaneously form

Answer 6

liposomes and bilayers

Question 7

why are membranes energetically favorable

Answer 7

hydrophobic effect

Question 8

inner leaflet

Answer 8

negative charge bc serine in
Phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol

Question 9

outter leaflet/ extracell leaflet features

Answer 9

Neutral/ positive
mostly glycolipids

Question 10

bc of charge of membrane

Answer 10

membranes contribute a lot to migration of ions

Question 11

membrane permeability what passes thru easy

Answer 11

small polar molecules

Question 12

membrane permeability what passes thru easyish

Answer 12

small uncharged polar molecules

Question 13

membrane permeability what passes thru harder

Answer 13

large macromolecules

Question 14

membrane permeability what passes thru HARD

Answer 14

ions

Question 15

membrane permeability is enhanced by

Answer 15

transporter and channel protein embeded in membrane

Question 16

scramblases and flipase

Answer 16

speeds up the rate of smth flipping across membrane

Question 17

where are phosolipdis synthesized

Answer 17

in the cytomatic side of ER

Question 18

scramblases

Answer 18

move phospholipids to the cytosolic and lumen leaflets

Question 19

flippases

Answer 19

at golgi
separates specific types of phosphlipids to the cytosolic and lumen leaflets

Question 20

chemical changes to phosopholipid to make it more fluid

Answer 20

add double bond or make it sat

Question 21

Cholesterol

Answer 21

fluidity buffer in animal cells
at low temps, increases fluidity by reducing fatty acid interactions

Question 22

cholesterol at high temp

Answer 22

increases to fill in gaps from phospholipids moving too much
maintains fluidity

Question 23

lipid rafts

Answer 23

fatty acid chain that increases the thickness of the membrane in certain regions

Question 24

lipid rafts are home to

Answer 24

proteins involved in signaling or trafficking

Question 25

FRAP

Answer 25

flouresncene recovery after photobleaching

Question 26

protien funciton in membrane

Answer 26

enzymes, repectors, transporters, channels, anchors

Question 27

receptor

Answer 27

binds to molecules that activate the recpetor, intracellualr signal

Question 28

transporters/channels

Answer 28

move molecules from one side to another

Question 29

anchors

Answer 29

attach to proteins on other cells and hold them together attache to extracellular matrix attach to intracellular cytoskeleton

Question 30

protien associate with membrane thru

Answer 30

hydrophobic interactions amphipathic helices

Question 31

peripheral membrane protien

Answer 31

can release from membrane

Question 32

how many amino acids to span a layer

Answer 32

20

Question 33

aquaporin

Answer 33

alpha helix based channel protein that forms a pore (7)

Question 34

extracellular regions usally have

Answer 34

disulfide bonds

Question 35

extracellualr regions usally have - attached

Answer 35

carbos glycoprotiens