MSK 💪🏽

Question 1

Osseous structures levels:

Answer 1

Sterna angle: T4
Scapula: T7
Xiphoid process: T9/10
Umbilicus: L3/4
Aorta bifurcation: L4
Iliac crest: L4
ASIS: S1
PSIS: S2

Question 2

Ankle ligaments:

Answer 2

Medial collateral (Deltoid ligament): from Tibia
- Superficial layer:
1- Tibiocalcanous (the strongest)
2- Tibiospring
3- Tibionavicular

• Deep layer:
  1- Anterior tibiotalar
  2- Posterior tibiotalar

Lateral collateral: from Fibula
The lateral collateral ligament (complex) of the ankle is a set of three ligaments that resist inversion of the ankle joint. They are more commonly injured than the medial collateral (deltoid) ligament of the ankle. They run from the lateral malleolus of the fibula to the talus and calcaneus.
1- Anterior talofibular
2- Posterior talofibular
3- Calcaneofibular
4- NB: the syndesmosis can be considered as part of the lateral complex:
- anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL)
- posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (PITFL)
- transverse tibiofibular ligament (TTFL)
- interosseous ligament

Question 3

Sinus tarsi:

Answer 3

Seen medically and contain:
1- Medial talocalcaneal ligament
2- Lateral talocalcaneal (cervical) ligament!
3- Medial, intermediate and lateral root of extensor retinaculum

The interosseous talocalcaneal ligament is located in the sinus tarsi and is broad, flat and bilaminar. The posterior lamina of the ligament is associated with the talocalcaneal joint, and anterior lamina with the talocalcaneonavicular joint. Its medial fibers are taut in eversion.

Question 4

Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC):

Answer 4

The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is a complex structure that is a major contributor to the stability of the wrist.

Composed of:
1- volar components:
- volar radioulnar ligament
- ulnocarpal ligamentous complex:
ulnotriquetral ligament
ulnocapitate ligament
ulnolunate ligament

2- ulna components
triangular ligament
ulnar collateral ligament
meniscal homologue

3- dorsal components
dorsal radioulnar ligament
extensor carpi ulnaris tendon sheath

Question 5

Carpal tunnel component:

Answer 5

1- Extensor digitorum profundus
2- Extensor digitorum superfecialis
3x Median nerve
4- Flexor pollisis longus (f is in فينك ؟ جوا)

Question 6

Ossification center present at birth:

Answer 6

Distal femur (1st)
Proximal tibia
Calcaneus
Cuboid
Talus

Question 7

Types of joints:

Answer 7

1- Fibrous joint (synarthrosis ساكن في مكانه):
Immobile
As tibiofibular joint

2- cartilaginous joint (synchondrosis or omphiarthrosis)
Semi movable

3- Synovial joint (has capsule called diarthrosis تموت لو ماتحركت die)
Hing joint: flexion and extension (knee and elbow)
Pivot joint: rotation as atlantoaxial joint of the neck, cricothyroid
Ball and socket: gop and shoulder
Condyloid, gliding, saddle: MCP