MSK

Question 1

What portion of the anterior shoulder can look like a rotator cuff tendon tear and is where the biceps tendon leaves the groove?

Answer 1

rotator interval

Question 2

what is the normal width at the AC joint under ultrasound?

Answer 2

6mm

Question 3

what two structures are the ultrasound landmarks when evaluating the elbow for potential joint injection?

Answer 3

lateral epicondyle and trochlea of humerus

Question 4

what structure is located between the lateral epicondyle and the humerus trochlea on the posterior elbow?

Answer 4

posterior fat pad

Question 5

when injecting the elbow, what approach should be used?

Answer 5

transverse , in plane, insert needle over the lateral epicondyle

Question 6

describe the location of the popliteus in relationship to the LCL?

Answer 6

deep to the LCL

Question 7

what structure is found in the femoral groove above the lateral meniscus and under the LCL?

Answer 7

popliteus

Question 8

on a wrist ultrasound, what structure is located between the extensor digitorum tendon and the joint?

Answer 8

dorsal radiocarpal ligament

Question 9

an abscess greater than what size is unlikely to resolve with antibiotics only?

Answer 9

> 3cm

Question 10

what is ultrasound posterior enhancement?

Answer 10

brighter appearance of tissue deep to an area of fluid due to increased ultrasound transmission

Question 11

what type of artifact can be used to identify foreign body in soft tissue?

Answer 11

shadow

Question 12

ultrasound of fluid filled round structures, such as cysts, can have what type of artifact at the edges?

Answer 12

linear shadowing

Question 13

when scanning the proximal biceps tendon, what slight orientation of the probe should be used to avoid anisotropy?

Answer 13

slight cephalad tilt

Question 14

hypoechoic clefts will be seen in the short axis view of what RTC tendon? why?

Answer 14

subscapularis - due to interdigitation of muscle (hypoechoic) with tendon (hyperechoic)

Question 15

ultrasound of which RTC tendon will have a birds beak appearance in long axis view?

Answer 15

supraspinatus

Question 16

the supraspinatus inserts onto what facet of the greater tuberosity?

Answer 16

superior facet

Question 17

why is articular cartilage anechoic on ultrasound?

Answer 17

water rich

Question 18

the impingement view for supraspinatus is more in what direction compared to the standard long axis view of the tendon insertion?

Answer 18

more lateral

Question 19

anechoic fluid collection anterior to the proximal biceps tendon can be indicative of what?

Answer 19

SASD bursitis

Question 20

in a case of calcific tendinopathy of the RTC tendons, there will be what artifact deep to areas of calcification?

Answer 20

shadowing

Question 21

if you see biceps tendon edema collection, what else is on the ddx?

Answer 21

glenohumeral joint effusion

Question 22

fluid both in the biceps tendon sheath and the bursa is 95% sensitive for what?

Answer 22

rotator cuff tendon tear

Question 23

t/f local CSI of the carpal tunnel delays the need for surgery at 1 year

Answer 23

true

Question 24

as you follow the median nerve down the forearm toward the wrist, the median nerve will have what trajectory before returning to midline at the carpal tunnel?

Answer 24

radial deviation

Question 25

what deep muscular structure of the forearm is a landmark for proximal median nerve scanning?

Answer 25

pronator quadratus

Question 26

the bony carpal tunnel exists between what two bony structures?

Answer 26

scaphoid and pisiform

Question 27

the flexor tendons have what directional relationship to the median nerve at the carpal tunnel?

Answer 27

deep to median nerve

Question 28

what tendon structure overlies the scaphoid at the carpal tunnel?

Answer 28

FCR

Question 29

what ultrasound artifact can you use to differentiate tendons from the median nerve?

Answer 29

aniostropy

Question 30

what is a normal cross sectional area of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel?

Answer 30

< 11mm squared

Question 31

what cross sectional area of the median nerve is considered severe carpal tunnel?

Answer 31

>17mm squared

Question 32

in the proximal forearm, the median nerve is between what two muscle layers?

Answer 32

FDS / FDP

Question 33

which rotator cuff tendon has a wide footprint insertion?

Answer 33

subscapularis