MSK Flashcards
(7 cards)
what are the different types of joints in the skeleton and describe
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Fibrous joints / Synarthrosis – immovable joint
- Fibrous connective tissue joins bones
- Little movement -frowth/blows to the face
- Flat bones of the cranium
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Cartilaginous joints / Amphiarthrosis – slightly movable
- Joined by cartilage, allows some movement
- Joints between vertebrae in the spine
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Synovial joints / Diarthrosis – fully articulated
- Allow large movement between bones
what are the diseases associated with cartilage, tendon, ligament, capsules and their characteristics
Cartilage- Osteoarthritis- This is the most common type of arthritis, characterized by the breakdown of articular cartilage. As the cartilage wears away, bones rub together, causing pain, stiffness, and inflammation.
tendon- Tendonitis- Inflammation of a tendon, often caused by overuse or repetitive motions. It can lead to pain, stiffness, and difficulty moving the joint
ligament- Ligament Sprains- Stretching or tearing of ligaments, resulting in pain, instability, and swelling.
capsule- Rheumatoid Arthritis- An autoimmune disease that causes synovial membrane inflammation. This inflammation can damage cartilage, bone, and other joint tissues.
what are the types of synovial joints
“a- Ball and socket - shoulder/hips
b- Hinge- limbs
c- Plane/gliding - tarsal + carpal”
define class 1, 2 and 3 levers
“A class 1 lever puts the pivot between the effort and the load forces.- force multiplier
A class 2 lever puts the load between the pivot and the effort force.- force multiplier
A class 3 lever puts the effort force between the load and the pivot- distance multiplier + speed”
Give examples of class 1 and class 3 levers
“1- ear- better hearing
3- shoulder (all limbs)- speed”
defien antagonistic muscles and five an example
”- Muscles are arranged in groups so that they pull in opposite direction- Known as antagonistic pairs
- biceps- flexers
- triceps- extender”
whats the equation for moment (Nm)
force x distance
