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MSK Flashcards

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1
Q

Red flag symptoms for back pain?

A

Bowel and bladder dysfunction

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2
Q

What do red flag symptoms for back pain suggest?

A

Tumor
Infection
Fracture

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3
Q

Is the LCL attached to lateral meniscus?

A

NO
Separated by the popliteal ligament
Also separates the biceps femoris

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4
Q

Is the MCL attached to the medial meniscus?

A

YES, extensively

Commonly torn together

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5
Q

The “Unhappy Triad” of knee injury?

A

ACL
MCL
Medial meniscus

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6
Q

ACL and PCL attachements

A

ACL: Anterior tibial plateau to posterior lateral condyle
PCL: Posterior tibial plateau to anterior medial condyle

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7
Q

Pes anserine (medial surface)

A

Sargent = SGT

Sartorius
Gracilis
semiTendonosus

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8
Q

Gerdy’s tubercle

A

Lateral tubercle of tibia

Insertion of IT band

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9
Q

DeQuervain’s tenosynovitis

A

Inflammation of APL and EPB
Common in peanut farmers - probs not true, but:
All Peanut Lovers Eat Peanut Butter

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10
Q

Nerve that provides sensation to 4 and 5th dorsal side of hand

A

DUC (dorsal ulnar cutaneous)

Branches proximal to hamate, will be spared in wrist compression

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11
Q

Median motor supply of hand

A 
1/2 LOAF
Lumbricals
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
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12
Q

A-OK sign nerve test?

A

AIN (anterior interosseus nerve)

AOK is AIN

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13
Q

First line tests for CTS?

A

Nerve conduction studies

EMG

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14
Q

What is a Dupuytren contracture?

Commonly affects?

A

Fibromatosis process
Shortening of palmar fascia leading to digit contraction
Commonly 4/5th MCP and PIP joints

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15
Q

Symptoms/signs of dupuytren contracture? (prior to the actual contraction)

A

Pain

Blanching of palmar surface with finger extension

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16
Q

Pathophysiology of lateral epicondylitis?

A

NOT inflammation

Angiofibroblastic degeneration and collagen disarray

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17
Q

Attachment of wrist extensors?

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

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18
Q

Specifically, the most commonly involved muscles in lateral epicondlyitis?

A

ECRB
Ext Digitorum
ECU

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19
Q

AIN is a branch of what?

A

Median nerve

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20
Q

PIN is a branch of what?

A

Radial nerve

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21
Q

Most common site of ulnar nerve entrapment?

A 
Cubital tunnel (elbow)
2nd: wrist in canal of Guyon (traveling with ulnar artery)
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22
Q

Signs of ulnar entrapment?

A

Intrinsic muscles of hand weaking

Decreased grip strength

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23
Q

Ulnar nerve passes under what at cubital tunnel?

Study These Flashcards
A 
Humeroulnar arcade (HUA) aka: Osborne ligament
(between olecranon and medial epicondyle)
24
Q

Median nerve passes under what at wrist?

Study These Flashcards
A

Transverse carpal ligament

With wrist extensors

25
Superficial palmar arch is (primarily) supplied by?
Ulnar artery
26
Deep palmar arch is (primarily) supplied by?
Radial artery
27
Possible forearm entrapment site of ulnar nerve?
Where is passes and exits FCU
28
Side effects of steroids injection
``` Melanocytes -> hypopigmentation Immunosuppression -> infection risk Collagen breakdown -> skin and tendon Lipolysis Increased BG -> warn DM patients ```
29
Max number in injections to certain area?
3x
30
Median: sensory and motor function
S: Thumb, 1st, 2nd, 1/2 3rd digit M: Extrinsic wrist flexion
31
Radial: sensory and motor function
S: Dorsoradial hand M: Extrinsic wrist extension
32
Musculocutaneous: sensory and motor function
S: Lateral forearm M: Elbow flextion (biceps)
33
Axillary: sensory and motor function
S: Deltoid M: Deltoid
34
Does denervated skin wrinkle?
Sure doesn't
35
Ulnar nerve compression/entrapment management
Avoid acute flexed position Decompress nerve Consider nerve conduction
36
AIN injury risk with what fracture type?
Supracondylar fracture
37
Classification system for pediatric fracture of growth plate?
``` Salter Harris S traight across A bove L ower T hrough E verything R ammed (cRush) ```
38
Causes of septic arthritis All comers? Youths?
Staph | N. Gonorrhea
39
Symmetric joint space narrowing Morning stiffness Fever
RA
40
Specific lab test for RA? | Bad prognostic indicator?
Anti-CCP | RF = bad prognosis
41
Conditions associated with CTS?
Pregnancy RA, OA DM Thyroid (hyper or hypo)
42
Shoulder separation staging and treatment
1st: AC injured, CC nml -> no surgery 2nd: AC torn, CC injured -> no surgery 3rd: AC torn, CC torn -> maybe surgery 4th: AC torn, CC torn -> Sign 'em up
43
Static knee stabilizers
Ligaments | Menisci
44
Dynamic knee stabilizers
Hamstrings Gluteals Core
45
Lateral ankle ligaments | Frequency of injury?
ATFL: anterior talofibular CFL: calcaneal fibular PTFL: posterior talofibular A>C>P
46
Distal radius fx?
Colle's fx
47
Proximal 1/3 ulnar fx with radial head dislocation?
Monteggia fx
48
Maisonneuve fx?
Unstable ankle fx (syndesmosis involvement) with spiral fracture of fibula
49
Definition of muscle spasticity?
Velocity dependent increase in tone | UMN injury
50
Cauda equina syndrome: s/sx
Saddle anesthesia incontinence trouble walking
51
Cauda equina syndrome: treatment
surgical emergency
52
First line med for mild/moderate OA?
APAP
53
First line med for moderate/severe OA?
NSAID's
54
Barlow sign
DDH Exam | Clunk with flex/add and downward pressure (IN)
55
Ortolani sign
DDH Exam | Clunk with flex/abd and upward pressure (OUT)
56
Treatment for DDH
Brace (Pavlik harness) If fail or >6 mo: closed reduction, hip spica Further fail or >18mo: open reduction, osteotomy
57
Risk factors for DDH
F>M FHx/genetics Breech presentation Oligo

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