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MSK and Spine Flashcards

(94 cards)

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1
Q

what are the 4 segments of upper limb

A
  • shoulder
  • arm
  • forearm
  • hand
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2
Q

what determines if a bone is a long bone

A
  • upper end
  • lower end
  • shaft
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3
Q

what type of bone is the scapula

A

flat bone

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4
Q

main nerves of the upper limb

A

branches of the brachial plexus
- axillary nerve
- radial nerve
- musculocutaneous nerve
- ulnar nerve
- median nerve

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5
Q

what vertebral level is the brachial plexus

A

C5-T1

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6
Q

what are the muscles of the scapula

A

origin from scapula
1. rotator cuff:
- subscapularis
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor

  1. teres major
  2. latissimus dorsi
  3. coracobrachialis
  4. deltoid

insertion on scapula
1. rhomboids
2. trapezius
3. pectoralis minor
4. serratus anterior
5. levator scapulae

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7
Q

anterior compartment muscle of arm

A

flexor of forearm:
- biceps brachii
- brachialis
- brachioradialis

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8
Q

posterior compartment muscle of arm

A

extensors of forearm:
- triceps brachii
- anconeus

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9
Q

nerve innervation for the front compartment of the arm

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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10
Q

nerve innervation of most part of the forearm

A

median nerve

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11
Q

nerve innervation of the medial side of forearm

A

ulnar nerve

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12
Q

nerve innervation of back of arm

A

radial nerve

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13
Q

nerve supplying flexor digitorium superficialis

A

median nerve

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14
Q

nerve supplying flexor carpi radialis

A

median nerve

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15
Q

nerve supplying pronator teres

A

median nerve

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16
Q

nerve supplying palmaris longus

A

median nerve

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17
Q

nerve supplying flexor carpi ulnaris

A

ulnar nerve

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18
Q

nerve supplying pronator quadratus

A

median nerve

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19
Q

nerve supplying flexor pollicis longus

A

median nerve

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20
Q

nerve supplying flexor digitorium profundus

A

ulnar nerve (medial 1/2)
median nerve (lateral 1/2)

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21
Q

4 superficial muscles of the forearm in the anterior compartment

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris

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22
Q

deep muscles of the forearm in the posterior compartment

A

flexor digitorium profundus
flexor pollicis longus
pronator quadratus

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23
Q

superficial muscles of the forearm in the posterior compartment

A

extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor digitorium
extensor carpi ulnaris

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24
Q

deep muscles of the forearm in the posterior compartment

A

supinator
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis longus + brevis
extensor indicus

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25
nerve supplying all the digiti minimi muscles
ulnar nerve
26
what does the median nerve supply in the intrinsic muscles of the hand
thumb - abductor pollicis brevis - flexor pollicis brevis - opponens pollicis - lumbricals
27
what does the ulnar nerve supply in the intrinsic muscles of the hand
all digiti mini muscles thumb: adductor pollicis palmar + dorsal interossei lumbricals
28
which interossei is responsible for the adduction of fingers
palmar (P AD)
29
which interossei is responsible for the abduction of fingers
dorsal (D AB)
30
venous drainage of the superficial muscles of the upper limb
- cephalic - basilic - median cubital - median vein - superficial palmar venous arch
31
venous drainage of the deep muscles of the upper limb
- subclavian - axillary - brachial - radial - ulnar - deep palmous venous arch
32
arterial supply of the upper limb
subclavian axillary brachial radial ulnar superficial and deep palmar arches
33
joints of the upper limb
- sternoclavicular joint - acromioclavicular joint - shoulder joint - elbow joint - humero-ulnar joint and humeroradial joint - wrist joint - radiocarpal joint - carpometacarpal joint - metacarpophalangeal joint - proximal and distal interphalangeal joint
34
components of joints
bones articular cartilage synovial cartilage synovial cavity synovial fluid synovial membrane capsule
35
bones of the lower limb
hip femur patella fibula tibia tarsal metatarsal phalanges
36
parts of the hip bone
ilium pubis ischium
37
major nerve of the lower limbs
from lumbar and sacral plexus: - femoral nerve (front of thigh) - obturator nerve (medial) - sciatic nerve (posterior) - gluteal nerve (glutes) sciatic nerve branches into: - tibial nerve - common fibular nerve
38
what are the 3 compartments of the muscle of the thigh
anterior posterior medial
39
what is included in the anterior compartment of the thigh muscles
psoas major iliacus sartorius quadriceps femoris - rectus femoris - vastus lateralis - vastus medialis - vastus intermedius
40
what is included in the posterior compartment of the thigh muscles
biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus
41
what is included in the medial compartment of the thigh muscle
gracilis pectineus adductor longus adductor brevis adductor magnus obturator externus
42
what nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the thigh
femoral nerve
43
what nerve innervates the medial compartment of the thigh
obturator nerve
44
what nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the thigh
sciatic nerve
45
3 compartments of the leg
anterior lateral posterior
46
superficial group of the posterior compartment of the leg
gastrocnemius plantaris soleus
47
deep group of the posterior compartment of the leg
popliteus flexor hallucis longus flexor digitorium longus tibialis posterior
48
what nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the leg
tibial nerve
49
muscles at the back of the leg are what muscles
flexors
50
what nerve innervates the lateral compartment of the leg
superficial fibular nerve (branch of the common fibula nerve)
51
muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg
tibialis anterior extensor hallucis longus extensor digitorium longus fibularis tertius
52
what nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the leg
deep fibular nerve
53
venous drainage of the superficial muscles of the leg
short saphenous vein (lateral side of leg) -> popliteal vein great saphenous vein (medial side of leg) -> femoral vein
54
joints of the lower limb
hip joint knee joint ankle joint intertarsal joint
55
ligament of the hip joint
- capsular ligament with synovial membrane - acetabular labrum and transverse acetubular ligament - ligament of head of femur - iliofemoral - pubofemoral - ischiofemoral ligaments
56
ligaments of the knee joint
anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments medial and lateral meniscus medial (tibial) and lateral (fibula) collateral ligaments
57
ligaments of the ankle joints
medial ligaments lateral ligaments
58
what are the 2 midtarsal joints
talocalcaneonavicular joint calcaneocuboid joint
59
structure that joins the vertebral body and transverse process
pedicle
60
structure that joins the transverse process with spinous process
lamina
61
what is the zygapophyseal joint
superior and inferior articular facet joins
62
what does the anterior arch of a vertebrae comprise of
vertebral body anterior 1/3 of the pedicles
63
what does the posterior arch of a vertebrae comprise of
posterior 2/3 of the pedicles lamina processes
64
what is spina bifida
when anterior and posterior arches dont fuse together
65
the joint between C1 and C2
atlanto-axial joint = rotation of neck
66
special features of lower cervical vertebrae (C3 to C6)
transverse formen bifid spinous process
67
nerve compression in spine most common in
lumbar region
68
characteristics of body of thoracic vertebrae
- progressive increase in mass from T1 to T12 - heart shaped when viewed superiorly
69
characteristics of pedicles of thoracic vertebrae
small diameter
70
characteristics of laminae of thoracic vertebrae
vertical, with "roof tile" arrangement
71
characteristics of spinous process of thoracic vertebrae
long, overlapping, projected downwards
72
characteristics of intervertebral foramen of thoracic vertebrae
less incidence of nerve compression
73
special feature of thoracic vertebrae
costal facets for ribs
74
difference between cervical and thoracic vertebrae foramen
cervical - triangular thoracic - circular
75
difference between cervical and thoracic vertebral body
cervical - round thoracic - heart shaped
76
characteristics of body of lumbar vertebrae
progressively increase in mass L1 to L5
77
characteristics of pedicles of lumbar vertebrae
longer and wider than thoracic oval shaped
78
characteristics of spinous process of lumbar vertebrae
horizontal square shaped
79
characteristics of transverse process of lumbar vertebrae
smaller than thoracic region
80
characteristics of intervertebral foramen of lumbar vertebrae
increased incidence of nerve root compression
81
joint between the occiput and C1
atlanto-occipital joint = flexion and extension of neck
82
ligaments of the spine
anterior longitudinal ligament posterior longitudinal ligament interspinous ligament supraspinous ligament ligamentum flavum ligamentum nuchae
83
superficial extrinsic back muscles
trapezius latissimus dorsi levator scapulae rhomboids
84
intermediate extrinsic back muscles
serratus posterior superior and inferior
85
intrinsic (deep) back muscle
superficial layer - splenius cervicis - splenius capitis intermediate layer - iliocostalis - longissumus - spinalis deep layer - semispinalis - multifidus - rotatores
86
nerve innervation of the intrinsic back muscle
spinal nerve
87
action of the biceps brachii
flexion of forearm at elbow join supination at proximal radio-ulna joint
88
action of brachioradialis
flexion of forearm at elbow joint
89
what does the interossei aid the lumbricals in
- extension of IPJ - flexion of MCPJ
90
ligaments of the elbow joint
radial collateral ligaments ulnar collateral ligaments anular ligament of radius
91
the patella is also known as
sesamoid bone
92
what is the structure that is in contact with the chair when a person is seated
ischium
93
where does the common fibular nerve and tibial nerve supply
common fibular nerve - lateral compartment of leg tibial nerve - posterior compartment of leg
94
erector spinae muscles
iliocostalis spinalis longissimus

Anatomy (3 decks)

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