MSK conditions

Question 1

what is radiculopathy?

Answer 1

Compression or irritation of the nerve root as it leave the CNS. Most likely unilateral

Question 2

what is myelopathy

Answer 2

M=Middle
compression of the spinal cord within the spinal column. As it is compressed in the middle the nerves below may also be affected.

Question 3

Symptoms of radiculopathy

Answer 3

arm pain = shooting
sensory loss
unilateral motor weakness

Question 4

Symptoms of myelopathy

Answer 4

upper and lower limb issues
pain
motor weakness
balance and gait issue

Question 5

what are myopathies

Answer 5

umbrella term for a disease that affects voluntary muscle

Question 6

What causes myopathies

Answer 6

inflammation to the muscle
diseases
drugs
hereditary

Question 7

Symptoms of Myopathies

Answer 7

muscle weakness
motor delay
respiratory issues
usually no sensory loss
usually no absent reflexes

Question 8

what is rotator cuff dysfunction

Answer 8

reduced space in glenohumeral joint

Question 9

what tendon is most affected by rotor cuff dysfunction?

Answer 9

supraspinatus

Question 10

how is a rotor cuff dysfunction happen?

Answer 10

compression, overuse or irritation

Question 11

Biceps tendinopathy

Answer 11

inflammation of the biceps tendon

Question 12

state 2 reasons why for biceps tendinopathy

Answer 12

• overuse, irritation, load
• compensating for the posterior chain. They are strong but painful. The shoulders are protracted

Question 13

Frozen shoulder

Answer 13

Excessive fibrous in shoulder capsule

Question 14

Main objective symptoms of rotor cuff dysfunction

Answer 14

pain or weakness in:
abduct - sub
ext rot - infra
ext rot - teres
inter rot - sup

Question 15

Main objective symptoms of biceps tendinopathy

Answer 15

pain and weakness in elbow flexion and supination

Question 16

Main objective symptoms of frozen shoulder

Answer 16

active = passive
stiffness
external rotation is more affected

Question 17

what is Iliopsoas Syndrome

Answer 17

irritation or overuse of the tendons in anterior hip joint

Question 18

What muscles are key for treatment of Iliopsoas Syndrome

Answer 18

hip + glutes

Question 19

OA symptoms

Answer 19

Stiffness
Reduced ROM
change in biomechanics/gait
morning stiffness >30 mins
worsens with activity

Question 20

FAI, femoroacetabular impingement

Answer 20

Premature contact of femur and acetabular, they don’t click together

Question 21

FAI, femoroacetabular impingement symptoms

Answer 21

motion related
clicking and locking

Question 22

Tennis elbow

Answer 22

tendinopathy of the common extensor tendon

Question 23

tennis elbow symptoms

Answer 23

pain on the lateral epicondyle
pain of wrist extension

Question 24

what causes tennis elbow

Answer 24

excessing gripping or twisting activities twisting

Question 25

what are the symptoms of the common extensor rupture

Answer 25

inflammation pain swelling weakness in wrist extension

Question 26

what is radial tunnel syndrome and its symptoms

Answer 26

Mechanical compression of the radial nerve. sensory: Posterior forearm, and lateral hand Motor: triceps and wrist extension

Question 27

What is peroneal tendinopathy and it's symptoms

Answer 27

Inflammation of a peroneal tendon. - Pain in perineal muscles - Eversion and plantarflexion

Question 28

What is Sinus Tarsi Syndrome and it's symptoms

Answer 28

Small tunnel that goes in between calcanues and talus becomes compressed. The synovial membrane becomes inflamed. - pain on eversion + inversion -localised pain in the sinus tarsi - overpronated foot

Question 29

What is a lateral ligament strain and it's symptoms

Answer 29

lateral ligaments stretch or tear due to an inversion movement of the ankle and plantarflexion. - swelling - reduced ROM -tender over ATFL or CFL

Question 30

what are the three ligaments involved in the lateral sprain of the ankle

Answer 30

anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) and the posterior talofibular ligaments (PTFL)

Question 31

What causes a meniscal tear and it's symptoms

Answer 31

contact sport, forceful twist or rotation, degeneration of knee joint. - joint line pain - popping or clicking - stiffness - limited swelling -locked feeling -reduced / pain knee extension

Question 32

ACL causes and symptoms

Answer 32

non contact sports, rapid movements such as twisting or turning. - global pain - pop or snap - unstable - lots of swelling

Question 33

PCL causes and symptoms

Answer 33

forced hyperflexion of knee, landing on bent knee, contact sports - deep pain at the back of the knee - Reduced ROM - swelling

Question 34

MCL causes and symptoms

Answer 34

direct trauma to lateral side of the knee, twisting or pivoting. - swelling on medial knee -

Question 35

LCL causes and symptoms

Answer 35

direct trauma to inside of the knee, twisting or pivoting.

Question 36

Patella tendinopathy causes and symptoms

Answer 36

Over use of the patella tendon: jumping , running, kicking. Poor hamstring or glute flexibility. -contraction of quads (flexion of knee) -pain at the patella