Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

EM - Exam 3 > MSK, MVA, Trauma > Flashcards

MSK, MVA, Trauma Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Define dislocation

A

Injury or disability caused when normal position of a joint or other part of the body is disturbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do most dislocations require prior to realigning?

A

Some degree of anesthesia/analgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Options for analgesia/anesthesia prior to reducing a dislocation

A
  • Local anesthetic
  • Nerve block
  • Parenteral analgesics
  • Conscious sedation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What makes a joint more difficult to relocate and why?

A

The longer a joint has been dislocated, more difficult to relocate due to muscle spasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What should always be performed post-reduction of a dislocation?

A

X-ray and neurovascular check

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MC dislocations of the mandible

A

Anterior and bilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Etiologies of mandible dislocation

A
  • Trauma
  • Yawning
  • Hypermobility syndrome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Imaging for mandible dislocation

A

Panorex or mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Method of mandible reduction

A
  • Conscious sedation for most
  • Wrap thumbs with gauze
  • Intraoral pressure down and back
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

FU care for mandible reduction

A
  • Soft diet for 2 wks

- Oral surgery if nerve deficit present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is a shoulder MC dislocated?

A

98% of time - humeral head displaced anterior to glenoid and inferior to coracoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How does a shoulder dislocation MC present?

A

“Squared off” shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Imaging finding of dislocated shoulder

A

Look for ball on tee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

FU care of shoulder relocation

A

Immobilizer for 1-4 wks then PT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Methods of shoulder relocation

A
  • Traction-countertraction
  • Stimson
  • Milch
  • Kocher
  • Scapular manipulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

MC type of elbow dislocation?

A

Posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are elbow dislocations frequently associated with?

A

Fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Etiology of elbow dislocation

A

FOOSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Methods of elbow relocation

A
  • Sedation necessary

- Distal traction or interlocking hands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

FU care of elbow relocation

A
  • Splint in 90 degrees, sling

- ROM in 1-2 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a nursemaid’s elbow?

A
  • Radial head subluxation

- Annular ligament displaces into radiocapitellar articulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Who is MC affected by nursemaid’s elbow?

A

Girls, 6 mo-3 yo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Methods of nursemaid’s elbow relocation

A
  • Hyperpronation w/elbow at 90 degrees

- Supination then flexion (less successful)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

FU care of nursemaid’s elbow relocation

A
  • Full use should return quickly

- Avoid pulling/twisting mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is a Colles fracture?
Distal radius metaphysis fracture w/dorsal angulation
26
What presents as a "dinner fork" appearance?
Colles fracture
27
Colles fracture clinical presentation
"Dinner fork" appearance
28
Methods of Colles fracture reduction
- Hematoma block and/or sedation - Inline traction, push distal radius volarly - Reduction indicated if over 20 degrees angulated
29
FU care of Colles fracture
- Volar splint, sling | - Ortho FU
30
What is a "reverse Colles"?
Smith fracture - volar angulation of distal radius fracture
31
What is a Smith fracture?
- "Reverse Colles" | - Volar angulation of distal radius fracture
32
What presents as a "garden spade" deformity?
Smith fracture
33
Clinical presentation of Smith fracture
Garden spade deformity
34
Etiology of Smith fracture
Fall on flexed hand, usually backwards
35
Method of Smith fracture
Same as Colles but pressure volar to dorsal
36
Key to diagnose Smith fracture?
Lateral wrist x-ray
37
Which joint is MC dislocated in finger?
PIP
38
Methods of finger reduction
- Digital block - Traction - Hyperextension if dorsal - Hyper flexion if volar
39
FU care of finger reduction
Aluminum splint 1-2 wks
40
MC type of hip dislocation
Posterior 80-90% | Anterior 10%
41
Methods of hip reduction
- Allis - Stimson - Captain Morgan - Whistler
42
Potential complications of hip dislocation
- Avascular necrosis | - Sciatic nerve injury
43
MC type of knee dislocation?
Posterior
44
FU care of knee reduction
- Knee immobilizer | - Post-reduction arteriography to r/o popliteal injury
45
Etiology of patella dislocation
Twisting injury while knee extended (males MC)
46
Method of patella reduction
- Usually quick, no sedation needed | - Extend leg while applying valgus force
47
FU care of patella reduction
- Immobilizer, crutches - Ortho referral - Quads strengthening exercises
48
MC source of generalized trauma evaluation in the ED?
MVAs
49
Goals of trauma management?
1. Rapidly identify life threatening injuries 2. Initiate adequate supportive therapy 3. Efficiently organize either definitive therapy OR transfer to a facility that provides definitive therapy
50
Primary trauma survey?
``` Airway w/C-spine control Breathing Circulation Disability (neuro) Exposure and Environmental control ```
51
What is a good sign that the airway is intact?
Effective verbal communication
52
What signs usually indicate airway involvement in trauma situations?
Stridor or dysphonia
53
When should a pt be intubated?
GCS 8 or lower
54
What should be placed after intubation?
NG tube
55
How to recognize shock?
- AMS - Cyanosis or ashen gray - Thready pulse, hypotension
56
Describe exposure and environmental control in trauma situation
- Expose everything for thorough evaluation (blood from urethral meatus? back?) - After, COVER pt to maintain warm environment - Warm IV fluids if indicated
57
What is the secondary survey?
Assessment for life threatening injuries
58
What are the NEXUS criteria?
National Emergency X-ray Utilization Study (criteria to determine if C spine imaging is needed)
59
When is cervical spine imaging necessary?
NEXUS (If any of the following present:) - Midline C spine tenderness to palpation - Altered LOC - Focal neuro deficits - Intoxication - Painful, distracting injury(s)
60
Seashore sign is:
NORMAL (pleural sliding, negative PTX)
61
Barcode sign is:
ABNORMAL (positive PTX)
62
How do GSWs injure the body?
1. Penetration crushes and destroys tissue in its path creating a permanent cavity 2. Imparts a shock wave that radiates outward from this path
63
Which GSW wound is usually bigger?
Exit wound is usually bigger than entry
64
GSWs to the head need:
Intubation and CT scan
65
Unstable GSW pt w/possible thoracic/abd involvement needs:
Emergent exploratory laparotomy (once potential lung injury is addressed)

EM - Exam 3 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions