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Anatomy MSK > MSK Workbook 1 > Flashcards

MSK Workbook 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The anterior wall of the axilla is formed by the ____ and the ____

A

Pectoralis Major Muscle

Pectoralis Minor Muscle

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2
Q

The posterior wall of the axilla is formed by 3 muscles:

A

Scapularis
Teres Major
Latissimus Dorsi

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3
Q

The medial wall of the axilla is formed by the___

A

Thoracic wall

Serratus Anterior Muscle

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4
Q

The lateral wall of the axilla is formed by the ____

A

Intertubercular Sulcus of the Humerus

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5
Q

Name the 4 main contents of the axilla

A

Axillary Artery
Axilla Vein
Brachial Plexus
Axillary Lymph Nodes

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6
Q

The axillary artery is a continuation of which artery

A

Subclavian artery

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7
Q

At what anatomical point does the axillary artery begin

A

Outer border of the first rib

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8
Q

the axillary artery continues beyond the axilla as which vessel

A

Brachial Artery

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9
Q

At what anatomical point does the axillary artery become the brachial artery

A

Lower border of Teres major

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10
Q

The brachial plexus is formed by the ventral rami of ___ to ___

A

C5 to T1

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11
Q

Which nerve roots of the brachial plexus form the upper trunk

A

C5 and C6

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12
Q

Which roots of the brachial plexus contribute to the lower (inferior) trunk

A

C8 and T1

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13
Q

Which root of the brachial plexus forms the middle trunk

A

C7

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14
Q

Which artery and vein are the trunks of the brachial plexus closely related to

A

Axillary artery and vein

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15
Q

Describe the division of the brachial plexua

A 
Roots
Trunks
Divisions
Cords
Terminal Branches
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16
Q

Injury to upper trunk causes what?

A

Erb’s Palsy

Medial rotation of the arm with wrist flexion

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17
Q

What group of muscles are affected in Erb’s Palsy

A 
Deltoid
Biceps
Brachialis
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus
Serratus anterior
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18
Q

Injury to the lower trunk causes___?

A

Klumpke’s Palsy

Intrinsic muscles of the hand

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19
Q

Klumpke’s and Erbs Palsy are commonly caused by___

A

Shoulder dystocia at birth or following traumatic injury

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20
Q

Where does the Thoracodorsal nerve branch from

A

Posterior cord

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21
Q

Where does the upper and lower sub scapular nerve branch from

A

Posterior cord

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22
Q

Where does the lateral pectoral nerve branch from

A

Lateral cord

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23
Q

Where does the medial cutaneous nerve branch from

A

Medial cord

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24
Q

Where does the medial pectoral nerve branch from

A

Lateral and Medial cord

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25
Name the major arterial branches of the upper limb
``` Subclavian Artery Axillary Artery Brachial Artery Ulnar Artery Radial Artery ```
26
Name the major veins of the upper limb
Anterior: Radial Basilic Median Cubital Posterior: Cephalic Basilic Dorsal venous network
27
What is the most common place for venepuncture
Superficial veins of the upper arm
28
The cephalic vein arises at the _____ end of the dorsal venous arch
Lateral
29
The basilic vein arises at the ___end of the dorsal venous arch
Medial
30
What is the function of the medial cubital vein
Shunts blood from cephalic to basilic
31
Following an injury to a spinal root a sensory loss (parasthesia) will be mapped on the skin corresponding to that specific _____
Dermatome
32
All lymphatic vessels from the upper limb drain into the _____
Axillary nodes
33
Name the 5 lymph node groups
``` Anterior/Pectoral Group Posterior/Subscapular group Apical group Central group Lateral/Brachial group ```
34
Which group of lymph nodes will be involved if the lymphatic spread of infection begins in the little finger
Axillary
35
Which group of lymph nodes will be involved if the lymphatic spread begins in a boil in the scapular region
Axillary
36
Which group of lymph nodes will be involved if the lymphatic spread begins in the medial part of the breast (close to sternum)
Internal Thoracic (Internal mammary)
37
Which group of lymph nodes will be involved if the lymphatic spread begins as an infection around the umbilicus
Can spread to axillary and superficial inguinal groups
38
Name the 2 bones that make the pectoral girdle
Scapula | Clavicle
39
Name the 2 joints that are in the pectoral girdle
Sternoclavicular joint | Acromioclavicular joint
40
What part of the clavicle is the weakest and commonly breaks
Lateral and middle thirds as flatter and thinner
41
What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint
Synovial plane
42
What type of joint is sternoclavicular joint
Synovial saddle
43
Name the 2 muscles involved in the elevation of the scapular
Rhomboid | Levator scapulae
44
Name the 2 muscles involved in scapular depression
Pectoralis minor | Serratus anterior
45
Name the muscle involved in scapular protraction (forward movement)
Serratus anterior
46
Name the 2 muscles involved in scapular retraction (backward movement)
Trapezius and Rhomboids
47
Name the muscle involved in lateral rotation (shrugging shoulders)
Serratus anterior
48
Name the 4 muscles involved in downward rotation (Depression)
Gravity Levator scapulae Rhomboid Pectoralis minor
49
What type of the joint is the shoulder joint
Ball and socket
50
What is the name of the cartilage that surrounds the glenoid cavity
Glenoid Labrum
51
What is the function of the Glenoid labrum
To make the socket of the shoulder joint wider and deeper
52
What is the name of the ligament that connects the acromion and coronoid process
Coraco-acromial ligament
53
What is the function of the coraco-acromial ligament?
Prevents superior displacement of the humeral head
54
Which part of the shoulder joint capsule is weakest
Glenohumeral joint
55
What are the 2 main bursae in the shoulder?
Subacromial and Subscapular
56
What is the role of the subacromial bursa
Serves as a gliding mechanism between rotator cuff and coracoacromial arch
57
How does the subscapularis move the shoulder joint
Adductor and medial rotator of the humerus
58
How does the Supraspinatus move the shoulder joint
Abduction
59
How does the Infraspinatus move the shoulder joint
Lateral rotator of the humerus
60
How does the trees minor move the shoulder muscle
Adductor and lateral rotator of the humerus
61
What is the primary function of the rotator cuff muscles
Support and stabilise shoulder joint movement
62
Anterior fibres of deltoid _____ and ______ at the shoulder joint
Flexes and Medially Rotate
63
Middle fibres____the arm at the shoulder joint
Abduct
64
What is the nerve supply to the deltoid
Axillary Nerve
65
In what common injury is this nerve often trapped and therefore damaged
Direct blow to the deltoid muscle
66
Where would you test for loss of sensation to determine if a nerve injury had occurred after a deltoid direct blow
Anterior shoulder and arm
67
What is the action of the pectorals major on the shoulder joint
Adductor | Internally Rotate the humerus at the glenohumeral joint
68
What muscles are responsible for the abduction of the scapula
Deltoid | Teres major
69
Superior fibres of trapezius ____scapula
Elevate
70
Middle fibres of trapezius____the scapula
Brace
71
Inferior fibres of trapezius_____ medial aspect of scapula
Depress
72
Which cranial innervates the trapezius
CNXI- Accessory
73
Which foramen of the skull does CNXI travel through
Foramen magnum
74
Name the muscles responsible for flexion of shoulder
Anterior deltoid | Pectoralis Major
75
Name the muscles responsible for the extension of the shoulder
Posterior deltoid | Latissimus dorsi
76
Name the muscles responsible for the adduction of the shoulder joint
Latissimus dorsi | Pectoralis major
77
Name the muscles responsible for the abduction of the shoulder joint 0 to 90 degrees
Deltoid | Supraspinatous
78
Name the muscles responsible for the medial and internal rotation of the shoulder (4)
1. Subscapularis 2. Latissimus dorsi 3. Pectoralis major 4. Teres major
79
Name the muscles responsible for the lateral or external rotation of the shoulder
Infraspinatus Teres minor Deltoid Trapezius

Anatomy MSK (8 decks)

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