Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Microbiology > MT3 Session 16: Retroviruses > Flashcards

MT3 Session 16: Retroviruses Flashcards

(49 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

retrovirus capsid

A

icosahedral or conical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Retrovirus genetic material- what type, lin/circ, how many?

A

+ ssRNA with trna replication primer, 2 molecules / virion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

HIV classification

A

Group VI: +RNA retroviruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

name simple retroviruses

A

ALV 0 avian Leukosis virus

RSV Rous Sarcoma Virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

retrovirus life cycle

A
  1. spike protein induces CAPSID entry to cell
  2. reverse transcriptase and +rna is released; dsDNA ismade
  3. lysogeny by integrase
  4. make parts and BUD (NO LYSIS)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

retrovirus genome

SIGNIFICANT characteristic

A

gag, pol, env flanked by LTR (LONG TERMINAL REPEAT)

  • has poly A and 5’ cap
  • many genes are superimposed -need protease to mature
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

structure of LTR -when do retroviruses get these?

A

R+U5–>integr FINISH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

acute transforming retroviruses

A

carry viral oncogenes, oftenreplication defective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

nonacute retroviruses

mechanism

A

activate celllular proto-oncogeneexpression

provide a promoter to c-onc, or activates a cellular promoter to c-onc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

HTLV-1

A

unacute retrovirus,

Human T-Cell leukema Virus - encodes Tax regulatory protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

MMTV

A

mouse memory tumor virus

ongogenic envelope protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

RSV’s open reading frames

A

Rous sarcoma virus-

gag, pol, (env), src (sarcoma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

v-src

A

viral oncogene in rous sarcoma virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

c-src

A

cellular proto-oncogene in rous sarcoma virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ITAM

A

immunoreceptor Tyr0based activation motif

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what protein makes the LTR in retroviruses?

A

long terminal repeat

by reverse transcriptase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is LTR for?

A

IN uses it to integrate into host DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

RSV?
acute/nonacute? why?
defective?

A

acute - has src (sarcoma)

can be defective or not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ITAM

A

immuonreceptor Tyr-based activation motif - envelope protein - receptor in MMTV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

endogenous retrovirus

Study These Flashcards
A

doesn’t leave - don’t cause problem

21
Q

retrotransposon

Study These Flashcards
A

lost env - can’t replicate

but has RT

22
Q

XMRV

Study These Flashcards
A

xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus

23
Q

LINE/SINE

Study These Flashcards
A

retrovirus remnant

24
Q

XMRV evidence gainst

Study These Flashcards
A

absense in multiple

retest as -

25
how was XMRV made in lab?
2 endogenous retroviruses recombined to 1 within mouse
26
which strain of HIV is more virulent?
HIV 1 | 98% vs 25%
27
capsid structures
hexamers or pentamers
28
Retrovirus acessory genes
overlap
29
what do you need to o to get RT into cell?
have spike protein insert capsid | partial degradation of capsid
30
Life Cycle of HIV: attachment
1. CD4 and CCR bind HIV spike protein's TM, SU membrane fuses
31
tetherin
host stops HIV1 from fleeing by tethering to cell
32
Vpu
cleaves tetherin in HIV
33
HIV theraputic targets
stop attachment by fusion inhib/CCR5 inhib stop maturation with protease inhibitors stop reverse transcription with NTRI and nNTRIs NTRI = nucleoside NT inhib - 3'deoxy
34
NTRIs
AZT - has azido group on 3' carbon, acyclovir
35
HAART
highly active anitretroviral therapy | use NTRI, nNTRI, protease inhibitors - > P(resistance)
36
HIV evolutionary origin
from simian immunodifficiency virus - HIV 1 and 2 independently for CHIMPANZEES
37
how to make retroviruses theraputic
target genes with packaging sequences gag and pol with no packaging sequences env with no packing sequencing
38
downside of using retroviral gene therapy
leukemia - nonacute
39
Group # of iinfluenza virus
V
40
orthomyxoviridae
influenza virus
41
influenza virus genome: #
6-8 seg
42
influenza virus: H
hemagglutinin : binds neuraminic acid to start infection
43
influenza virus: N
neuraminidase: hydrolyzes neuraminic acid to release virus
44
inhibitors of influenza
inhibits neuraminidase-zanamivir
45
why are there so many flus?
if infected with more than 1 influenza, segments can reassort
46
antigenic variation mechanism
antigenic drift: missense mutation | antigenic shift: segment reasortment
47
H5N1
highly pathogenic avian flu - from poultry
48
Moratorium controversy
preparedness for epidemic vs. bioterror agent.accidental release
49
How does influenza virus help Haemophilus influenzae?
flu attacks body - cell damage/immune response that trigger h influenza to disperse

Microbiology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions