MTTP 26

Question 1

Red fluid circulating through the heart and it’s vessels, and transporting products to and from body cells; the color varies based on its oxygen content; thicker, more viscous, and adhesive then water

Answer 1

Blood

Question 2

Makes up approximately 8% of the total body weight

Answer 2

Blood

Question 3

Unit of blood?

Answer 3

0.5L in volume or just under a pint

Question 4

Blood cell production that occurs in the red bone marrow

Answer 4

Hematopoiesis

Question 5

Straw-colored liquid in which blood cells are suspended

Answer 5

Blood plasma

Question 6

Red blood cells (RBCs), transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the body cells; they can do this because they contain hemoglobin

Answer 6

Erythocytes

Question 7

Iron-based protein that binds with oxygen and carbon dioxide so they can be transported in blood

Answer 7

Hemoglobin

Question 8

White blood cells (WBCs) are the body’s mobile army and serve as a part of the body’s defense mechanisms by destroying or inactivating pathogens and foreign agents

Answer 8

Leukocytes

Question 9

Platelets; blood cell fragments that help reduce blood loss from damaged vessel walls by promoting hemostasis of mechanisms that slow blood loss or stop bleeding

Answer 9

Thrombocytes

Question 10

Persons with AB blood; blood does not contain reactive antibodies

Answer 10

universal recipients

Question 11

Persons with O type blood; blood does not have any antibodies and is compatible with all other blood types

Answer 11

Universal donor

Question 12

Hollow, muscular organ about the size of a clenched fist

Answer 12

Heart

Question 13

Outer layer of the heart, contains fatty connective tissue and blood vessels called coronary vessels

Answer 13

Epicardium

Question 14

Middle layer of the heart; contains cardiac muscle and makes up the bulk of the heart wall

Answer 14

Myocardium

Question 15

Inner layer of the heart, continuous with endothelial lining of the heart chambers and blood vessels, as well as the valves of the heart

Answer 15

Endocardium

Question 16

The heart divides into 4 chambers:

Answer 16

Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle

Question 17

Most superior chambers of the heart and are separated by and inter-atrial septum

Answer 17

Right and left atria

Question 18

Located between the atria and the ventricles and have pointed flaps called cusps

Answer 18

Atrioventricular (AV) valves

Question 19

three cusps, is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle

Answer 19

Right ventricular valve ( tricuspid valve)

Question 20

two cusps, located between the left atrium and the left ventricle

Answer 20

Left ventricular valve (bicuspid valve)

Question 21

The bicuspid valve is also called

Answer 21

Mitral valve

Question 22

located between the ventricles and the aorta or the pulmonary trunk

Answer 22

Semilunar (SL) valve

Question 23

left SL valve; between the left ventricle and the aorta

Answer 23

Aortic valve

Question 24

right SL valve; located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk

Answer 24

Pulmonary valve

Question 25

sequence of events from beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next heartbeat

Answer 25

Cardiac cycle

Question 26

number of cardiac cycles occurring in 1 minute

Answer 26

Heart rate

Question 27

heartbeats over 100 per minute

Answer 27

tachycardia

Question 28

heartbeats lower than 50 per minute

Answer 28

bradycardia

Question 29

occurs when lumen enlarges or widens

Answer 29

vasodilation

Question 30

occurs when lumen becomes smaller or narrows

Answer 30

vasoconstriction

Question 31

increased local blood flow

Answer 31

hyperemia

Question 32

decreased local blood flow

Answer 32

ischemia

Question 33

the SA node is also called

Answer 33

pacemaker

Question 34

vessels transporting blood away from the heart

Answer 34

arteries

Question 35

arterial expansion; can be felt in arteries near the surface of the body

Answer 35

pulse

Question 36

amount of pressure exerted by blood on vessel walls as the left ventricle of the heart contacts and relaxes

Answer 36

blood pressure

Question 37

ventricles contract and eject blood and pressure within arteries increases

Answer 37

systole

Question 38

ventricles relax and fill with blood, and pressure within the arteries decrease

Answer 38

diastole

Question 39

normal blood pressure reading for an average adult

Answer 39

120/80 mm Hg

Question 40

functional unit of the cardiovascular system because this is where the exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes occur between blood and body cells

Answer 40

capillaries

Question 41

the rate blood flows back to the heart; promoted by a skeletal muscle pump

Answer 41

venous return

Question 42

occurs during breathing and promotes venous return

Answer 42

respiratory pump

Question 43

lack of venomotor tone contributes to a sudden drop in blood pressure and resultant dizziness when sitting and standing upright from a recumbent position

Answer 43

postural or orthostatic hypotension

Question 44

replenishes the blood's oxygen supply and eliminates gaseous wastes

Answer 44

pulmonary circuit

Question 45

transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and oxygen to body cells and transports waste away for their elimination by various mechanisms, including respiration, urination, and perspiration

Answer 45

systemic circuit

Question 46

found within the systemic circuit and consist of two capillary beds connected through a system of veins

Answer 46

venous portal system

Question 47

what are the 3 parts of the aorta

Answer 47

Ascending aorta Aortic arch Descending aorta

Question 48

All systemic arteries branch from what major artery

Answer 48

Aorta