Multi-Resistant Bacteria, Systemic Bacteria, and Rheumatic Fever

Question 1

CRE

Answer 1

one work day

Question 2

MDR-A

Answer 2

one work day

Question 3

VRSA

Answer 3

immediately

Question 4

VISA

Answer 4

immediately

Question 5

Sepsis/ Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

Answer 5

NOPE

Question 6

Rheumatic Fever

Answer 6

NOPE

Question 7

What does MRSA stand for?

Answer 7

Methicillin resistant Staph aureus

Question 8

ESBL stand for?

Answer 8

Extended spectrum beta lactamase

Question 9

CPE stand for?

Answer 9

Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae

Question 10

VRE stand for?

Answer 10

vancomycin resistant enterococci

Question 11

What is more likely to cause surgical site infection, bone infections, and septic?

Answer 11

MRSA

Question 12

Causes urinary tract infections?

Answer 12

ESBL
CPE
VRE

Question 13

How do you diagnose MRSA?

Answer 13

Regular bacterial culture

Question 14

How do you diagnose ESBL?

Answer 14

stool specimen or a rectal smear

Question 15

How do you diagnose VRE?

Answer 15

culture of vancomycin-resistant enterococci

Question 16

How is MRSA spread?

Answer 16

direct contact

Question 17

What are 6 colonization sites for MRSA?

Answer 17

• Nostrils
• Throat
• Perineum
• Groins
• Armpits
• Skin lesions

Question 18

What is the most important means of preventing the spread of MRSA?

Answer 18

hand disinfection before and after all contact with pts

Question 19

What is the txt for colonized MRSA?

Answer 19

Mupirocin (x2 dy to nostrils during 5 dys)

Question 20

Txt for Hospital MRSA?

Answer 20

Vancomycin

Question 21

Txt for Hospital ESBL?

Answer 21

Meropenem or imipeneum

Question 22

Txt for Hospital CPE?

Answer 22

not clearly defined

Question 23

Txt for Hospital VRE

Answer 23

not clearly defined

Question 24

If a pt reported a “spider . bite” but no clear hx of spider they might have..

Answer 24

CA-MRSA

Question 25

DOC for Community MRSA?

Answer 25

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Question 26

Other drugs used for CA-MRSA?

Answer 26

Doxycycline | Clindamycin

Question 27

What is the #1 prevention of CA-MRSA?

Answer 27

wash hands

Question 28

What organisms cause sepsis?

Answer 28

gram positive organism

Question 29

Fever, hypotension, tachypnea, and tachycardia typically present for?

Answer 29

Sepsis

Question 30

What does SOFA stand for?

Answer 30

Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score

Question 31

SOFA required for sepsis?

Answer 31

>2 points from baseline

Question 32

What is Quick SOFA (qSOFA)

Answer 32

a new bedside measure used to prompt further investigation of suspected infection or cause of organ dysfunction

Question 33

What 3 variables have to met for qSOFA?

Answer 33

Respiratory rate > 22/min Altered mentation SBP< 100 mm Hg

Question 34

What is the diagnostic for sepsis?

Answer 34

Blood culture- two from different sites

Question 35

What is elevated in sepsis labs?

Answer 35

serum lactate

Question 36

What is the txt for sepsis?

Answer 36

Venous access IV fluids Antibiotics

Question 37

When should antibiotic therapy be initiated in sepsis?

Answer 37

first hour after culture

Question 38

What is the treatment for sepsis in neonate?

Answer 38

ampicillin and gentamicin

Question 39

What is the treatment for adult sepsis?

Answer 39

vancomycin + two agents

Question 40

What causes Acute Rheumatic Fever?

Answer 40

B-hemolytic streptococcal infection

Question 41

What is the leading cause of CV during the first five decades of life?

Answer 41

Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF)

Question 42

What is seen in the immigrant population?

Answer 42

Acute Rheumatic Fever

Question 43

What does ARF effect?

Answer 43

carditis and damage to cardiac valves

Question 44

What is the earliest ARF symptom?

Answer 44

Arthritis

Question 45

What disease "migrates" from joint to joint?

Answer 45

ARF

Question 46

What is #1 cause of mitral or aortic regurgitation murmurs?

Answer 46

ARF

Question 47

What symptom might develop first in carditis in ARF?

Answer 47

asymptomatic carditis

Question 48

What is sydenham chorea

Answer 48

involuntary choreoathetoid movements

Question 49

Where is erythema marinatum (annulare) seen?

Answer 49

in ARF

Question 50

Where is subcutaneous nodules found?

Answer 50

in ARF

Question 51

How is ARF diagnosed?

Answer 51

Jones Criteria

Question 52

What is the JOnes criteria for ARF?

Answer 52

two major manifestations or one major and two minor

Question 53

What is the classic finding in rheumatic heart disease

Answer 53

Mitral stenosis

Question 54

What is the txt for ARF?

Answer 54

penicillin (erythromycin) Strict bed rest Salicylates (ASA) Corticosteroids

Question 55

How do you txt carditis?

Answer 55

corticosteroids and IV immunoglobulin

Question 56

TB rates are highest among?

Answer 56

- young adults in developing world | - Older adults in the U.S.

Question 57

"Millet seed"

Answer 57

Miliary TB

Question 58

Txt for miliary TB?

Answer 58

Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol for 6 mo

Question 59

How is non-TB m. avium treated?

Answer 59

Clarthromycin plus ethambutol w/wo rifabutin

Question 60

What is the prophylaxis for Non-TB m. avium?

Answer 60

single oral of clarithyromycin

Question 61

What causes Hansen's disease (Leprosy)

Answer 61

m. leprae

Question 62

How is leprosy treated?

Answer 62

Rifampin, colfazmine, dapsone