Multi-store Model

Question 1

Def cognitive

Answer 1

Refers to our thoughts and mental processes including intelligence, problem solving and memory

Question 2

Def memory

Answer 2

The process by which we retain information about events that have happened in the past

Question 3

Def capacity

Answer 3

How much we can hold in our memory

Question 4

Def duration

Answer 4

How long will that memory last for

Question 5

Coding def

Answer 5

How information is stored in memory

Question 6

Short term memory capacity

Answer 6

7 plus or minus 2

Question 7

Shirt term memory duration

Answer 7

18-20 seconds

Question 8

Short term memory coding

Answer 8

Coded acoustically

Question 9

Long term memory capacity

Answer 9

Unlimited, can store large quantities of information

Question 10

Short term memory duration

Answer 10

Unlimited duration

Question 11

Long term memory coding

Answer 11

Semantically coded

Question 12

Who proposed multi store model

Answer 12

Atkinson and shiffrin

Question 13

What does the multi store model propose

Answer 13

Three distinct memory stores which are separate from each other

Question 14

What are the three memory stores

Answer 14

Sensory register, short term memory store, long term memory store

Question 15

3 features of sensory register

Answer 15

• first storage system
• all info from environment enters here meaning it has huge capacity
• information held for half a second

Question 16

What type of information does sensory register encode

Answer 16

Iconic and echoic

Question 17

What is iconic info

Answer 17

Visual

Question 18

What is echoic info

Answer 18

Auditory

Question 19

Decay of stm

Answer 19

Limited duration 18s

Question 20

Displacement of stm

Answer 20

Limited capacity 7 +/- 2

Question 21

Verbal rehearsal stm

Answer 21

Stores information acoustically

Question 22

What is the last memory store

Answer 22

Long term memory store

Question 23

How does information enter ltm

Answer 23

Through prolonged rehearsal

Question 24

What is prolonged rehearsal

Answer 24

Rehearsal over a long period of time

Question 25

4 evaluation points of MSM

Answer 25

Strength - supportive evidence Weakness - model is over simplified Strength - application to real world Weakness - research info STM has low ecological validity

Question 26

Elaboration of strength - supportive evidence

Answer 26

- Baddeleys research supports distinction of STM and LTM - he tested LTM by giving ps 4 trials at learning the order of a list of words - then he used a 20min delay to remove STM and asked ps to recall as many words as possible - findings showed STM and LTM are independent

Question 27

Elaboration weakness - model is over simplified

Answer 27

- evidence suggests there are multiple short term and long term memory stores - eg LTM split into episodic, semantic, procedural - it doesn’t make sense for procedural memory to be encoded semantically

Question 28

Def episodic

Answer 28

Ability to remember events from our lives

Question 29

Def semantic

Answer 29

Our know,edge of the world including factual information

Question 30

Def procedural

Answer 30

Memory for how we do things, skills and actions

Question 31

Elaboration of strength - application to real worlds

Answer 31

- was a pioneering model of memory that inspired further research and consequently other influential models - eg the working memory model helped treatments

Question 32

Elaboration of weakness - research into STM has low ecological validity

Answer 32

- stimuli ps were asked to remember has little resemblance to items learned in real life - eg Peterson and Peterson used nonsense trigrams such as ‘XQF’ to investigate STM duration which isn’t something that would happen in real life