Multi Store Model

Question 1

Who developed the multi-store model and when?

Answer 1

Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)

Question 2

What are the three stores in the multi-store model?

Answer 2

Sensory register/memory, short term memory and long term memory

Question 3

Describe the sensory register

Answer 3

Sensory information is held here
Large capacity as the brain receives huge amount of sensory information constantly
Most of this information receives no attention and therefore leaves the sensory register after a few milliseconds

Question 4

How does information move from the sensory register to the short term memory?

Answer 4

Attention

Question 5

Describe the STM

Answer 5

Information is held in STM for immediate tasks e.g. solving a maths problem or remembering directions
limited duration (seconds)-information decays if not rehearsed
limited capacity-information also disappears from STM if new information enters, displacing original info

Question 6

How does information move from the STM to the LTM?

Answer 6

maintenance rehearsal-the more information is rehearsed the better it is remembered

Question 7

Describe the LTM

Answer 7

potentially unlimited duration and capacity

memories can be retrieved with cues, never really go

Question 8

Can memories move from LTM to STM?

Answer 8

They can be retrieved when needed and moved into STM for immediate tasks

Question 9

A03-simplicity

Answer 9

Multi-store model is too simple
Suggests that STM and LTM are both unitary stores
Research has shown that there are different types of STM and LTM that are stored differently
Working memory model
maintenance rehearsal explains procedural and semantic LTM but not episodic

Question 10

A03-HM case study

Answer 10

Scovile and Milner (1957) studied brain damage caused by removal of the hippocampus from both sides of brain to reduce epilepsy
personality and intellect remained the same but he could no longer form new LTM
could still recall LTM form before the surgery

Supports MSM’s claim that LTM and STM are separate stores because HM was unable to transfer information from STM to LTM

Question 11

A03-artificiality

Answer 11

Supporting evidence is mainly controlled laboratory experiments e.g. memorising syllables
Artificial environment and material therefore low ecological validity