Multicellular organisms Flashcards
(8 cards)
1
Q
What are chromosomes?
A
Thread like structures found in the nucleus of every living cell. They carry the genetic information that each species needs to develop, grow and reproduce.
2
Q
What connects the two identical copies of DNA together in a chromosome?
A
Centromere
3
Q
What is one of the strands in a chromosome called?
A
A chromatid
4
Q
What is mitosis?
A
The process of cell division where a nucleus is duplicated.
5
Q
What are the stages of mitosis?
A
- Short uncoiled chromosomes are in a the nucleus ready to begin mitosis.
- Each chromosome duplicates and makes two chromatids, connected together by the centromere.
- Chromosomes line up along the equator and spindle fibres attach to each pair of chromatids.
- The spindle fibres pull apart the chromatids to the opposite poles of the cell.
- The nuclear membrane will now reform around each group of chromatids and the cytoplasm divides.
- Two new daughter cells are formed, each having the same amount of chromosomes as the original.
6
Q
What is the chromosome compliment of a human?
A
46
7
Q
Stem cells are able to change into all sorts of different cells, why is this?
A
They are unspecialised.
8
Q
A
