Multiple sclerosis Flashcards
At what age is MS most commonly diagnosed?
Ages 20-40
How many people in the world have MS?
2 million
What causes MS?
T cells produce inflammatory cytokines that cause toxicity and affect macrophages contributing to demyelination
What is lost in MS?
Oligodendrocites, astrogliosis, axons, and cortical lesions
What are symptoms of MS?
Fatigue, walking difficulty, visual problems, bladder problems, etc…
What are relapses in MS?
Periods of increased inflammatory activity of the immune system
What is the treatment of MS?
Disease modifying therapies
What do beta-interferons do?
Decrease inflammation by binding to interferon beta 1 receptor, also reduces the number of T cells
What is NMOSD?
A demyelinating condition that affects the optic nerve and spinal cord
What is the difference between NMOSD and MS?
NMOSD will affect both eyes at the same time, MS will affect one at a time
What is sarcoid?
An immune system disorder, where it overreacts and makes lumps or nodules
What is lupus?
An imune disorder where the immune system attacks someone’s own tissues and organs
What is the difference between lupus and MS?
MS attacks nervous system
Lupus attacks healthy tissue but can also attack the nerves
What are immunosuppressants?
Inhibit or decrease the immune response in the body
How do immunosuppressants work in MS?
Have cytotoxic effects on B cells, T cells, and macrophages
