Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?
Idiopathic disorder of CNS white matter (Brain and cord)
More common in F in colder climates
How does MS present?
Focal Sensory symptoms: especially with gait/balance
Optic Neuritis: blurry vision
Motor problems
Fatigue
Spasticity and Hyperreflexia
Cerebellar Deficits
Trigeminal Neuralgia
What is the best initial test and most accurate test for MS?
MRI
What worsens MS symptoms?
Heat: Uhthoff Phenomenon is a major clue to diagnosis
What is Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO)?
Inability to adduct one eye with nystagmus in the other eye causing double vision
What disorder is INO characteristic of?
MS
How do you treat acute exacerbations of MS?
High-dose steroids to shorten the duration
What drugs are used to prevent relapse and progression in MS?
Anti-CD20 meds
Sphingosine Inhibitors
Glatiramer or beta-interferon
Anti-CD52
What are common anti-CD20 drugs?
Ocrelizumab
Obinutuzumab
Rituximab
What are common Sphingosine Inhibitors?
Siponimod
Fingolimod
Ozanimod
What is the mechanism of glatiramer?
Copolymer 1
What drugs are used for spasticity in MS?
Baclofen and Tizanidine
What drug is used for fatigue in MS?
Amantadine
What drug does everyone with MS get?
Vitamin D
What drug increases walking distance in MS?
Dalfampridine
How is Neurogenic (Weak) Bladder treated in MS?
Bethanechol (ACh)
What drug is associated with the development of PML in patients with MS?
Natalizumab: alpha-4 integrin inhibitor
